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RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense

January 11, 2022 by Fazal Leave a Comment

RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense are part of RBSE Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tenses.

Board RBSE
Textbook SIERT, Rajasthan
Class Class 10
Subject English
Chapter English Grammar
Chapter Name Present Tense
Number of Questions Solved 7
Category RBSE Solutions

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense

Present Tenes (वर्तमान काल)

Present Tense की पहचान है-है, हैं या हैं। इस Tense में कार्य वर्तमान काल में होता है। हो रहा है। हो चुका है या कुछ समय से होता रहा है अर्थात कार्य को कुछ भाग पूरा हो चुका है व शेष कार्य अभी जारी है। इन्हीं बातों को ध्यान में रखते हुए Present Tense को चार भागों में बाँटा गया है।

  • Present Indefinite Tense जैसे-जॉन बाग जाता है। John goes to garden.
    इस Tense की पहचान है-ता है/ती है/ते हैं। इस Tense में Verb की 1st form काम में आती है, जैसे go, eat, see आदि।।
  • Present Continuous Tense जैसे-जॉन बाग जा रहा है। John is going to garden.
    इस Tense की पहचान है-रहा है। रही है/ रहे हैं। इस Tense में is/arm/are+verb+ ing आता है।
  • Present Perfect Tense जैसे-जॉन बाग जा चुका है। John has gone to garden.
    इस Tense की पहचान है-चुका है।चुकी है/चुके हैं आदि। इस Tense में has/have + verb की IIIrd form काम आती है।
  • Present Perfect Continuous Tense जैसे-जॉन तीन दिन से बाग जा रहा है। John has been going to garden for three days.
    इस Tense की पहचान है समय के बाद ‘से’ + रहा है। रही है। रहे हैं। इस Tense में has been/have been + verb + ing + since या for + time आता है।
    लीजिए अब हम Present Tense की forms का अध्ययन कर लें।

1. Present Indefinite Tense
(a) Present Indefinite Tense (Affirmative)
पहचानः ता/ती/ते + है/हैं/हैं।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Subject + Verb की 1st from +Object.
(2) यदि Subject IIIrd person, singular number हो तो क्रिया में -s या -es लगाते हैं।
(याद रखें कि I व we – 1st person हैं, You-IInd person है व अन्य सभी Noun व Pronoun IIIrd person हैं।)

उवाहरण

  1. I eat a banana. मैं एक केला खाता हूँ।
  2. We eat bananas. हम केले खाते हैं।
  3. You eat bananas. तुम केले खाते हो।
  4. He/She/It eats bananas. वह केले खाता/खाती है।
  5. They eat bananas. वे केले खाते हैं।

(b) Present Indefinite Tense (Negative)
पहचान नहीं + ता/ ती/ते + है/हैं/हूँ।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Subject + do not/does not + Verb की 1st form + Object.
(2) यदि Subject IIIrd person, singular number हो तो verb से पहले does not काम में लेते हैं। अन्यथा do not काम में लेते हैं।

उदाहरण

  1. I do not eat guavas. मैं अमरूद नहीं खाता हूँ।
  2. We do not eat guavas. हम अमरूद नहीं खाते हैं।
  3. You do not eat guavas तुम अमरूद नहीं खाते हो।
  4. He/She/It do not eat guavas. वह अमरूद नहीं खाता/खाती है।
  5. They do not eat guavas. वे अमरूद नहीं खाते हैं।

(c) Present Indefinite Tense (Interrogative)
पहचानः क्या + ता/ ती / ते + है। हैं/ हँ?
नियम: (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (worl-Order) रहता है। Do/Does + Subject + Verb की 1st form +Object?
(2) यदि Subject IIIrd person, singular number हो तो वाक्य के प्रारंभ में Does अन्यथा Do काम में लेते हैं।

उदाहरण

  1. Do I eat mangoes? क्या मैं आम खाता हूँ।।
  2. Do we eat mangoes? क्या हम आम खाते हैं।
  3. Do you eat mangoes? क्या तुम आम खाते हो।
  4. Does he/she/it eat mangoes? क्या वह आम खाता खाती है।
  5. Do they eat mangoes? क्या वे आम खाते हैं।

(d) Present indefinite Tense (Interrogative Negative)
पहचानः क्या + नहीं + ता/ ती ते + है/हैं/हँ?
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Do/Does + Subject + not + Verb की 1st form + Object?
(2) यदि Subject IIIrd person, singular number हो तो Does अन्यथा Do काम में लेते हैं।

उदाहरण

  1. Do I not eat pine-apple? क्या में अनन्नास नहीं खाता हूँ।
  2. Do we not eat pine-apple? क्या हम अनन्नास नहीं खाते हैं।
  3. Do you not eat pine-apple? क्या तुम अनन्नाम नहीं खाते हो।
  4. Does he/she/it not eat pine-apple? क्या वह अनन्नास नहीं खाता/खाती है।
  5. Do they not eat pine-apple? क्या वे अनन्नास नहीं खाते हैं।

RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense image 1
RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense image 2

Exercise Solved

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense form of the verbs given in the brackets.

  1. I ……………. his address. (know)
  2. She ……………. her work sincerely. (do)
  3. We ………….. things a bit too seriously. (take)
  4. They …………… to God in the morning. (pray)
  5. You …………… much of your time in idle gossip. (waste)
  6. Rita …………… very interesting stories. (write)
  7. These children ……………us very often. (disturb)
  8. She……………. playing the piano. (enjoy)
  9. These girls …….. music every day. (learn)
  10. Raman and Chaman ……………. to the market together. (go)

Answer.

  1. know
  2. does
  3. take
  4. pray
  5. waste
  6. writes
  7. disturb
  8. enjoys
  9. learn
  10. go

Question 2.
Change the following as directed :

  1. Birds fly in the sky. (negative)
  2. Rohit loves his teacher. (interrogative)
  3. Boys are doing their homework. (negative)
  4. My friend speaks good English, (interrogative)
  5. Dogs are barking. (interrogative)
  6. He is learning music. (negative)
  7. We are going to Kolkata soon. (interrogative)
  8. Children play in the evening. (negative)
  9. Ritu sings a song. (negative)
  10. I am listening to western music. (interrogative)
  11. Naman and Chaman run fast. (interrogative).

Answer.

  1. Birds do not fly in the sky.
  2. Does Rohit love his teacher?
  3. Boys are not doing their homework.
  4. Does my friend speak good English?
  5. Are dogs barking?
  6. He is not learning music.
  7. Are we going to Kolkata soon?
  8. Children do not play in the evening.
  9. Ritu does not sing a song.
  10. Am I listening to western music?
  11. Do Naman and Chaman run fast?

2. Present Continuous Tense
(a) Present Continuous Tense (Affirmative)
पहचानः रहा/रही/रहे + है। हैं। हूँ।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Subject + is/am/are + Verb + ing + Object.
(2) रहा/रही जेबे आते हैं, -ing को लाते हैं। be को संग बिठाते हैं जी be को संग बिठाते हैं। be की Present Tense में form है is/am/are.

उदाहरण

  1. I am writing an essay. मैं एक निबंध लिख रही हैं।
  2. We are writing an essay. हम एक निबंध लिख रहे हैं।
  3. You are writing an essay. तुम एक निबंध लिख रहे हो।
  4. Harris is writing an essay. हैरिस एके निबंध लिख रहा है।
  5. They are writing an essay. वे एक निबंध लिख रहे हैं।

(b) Present Continuous Tense (Negative)
पहचानः नहीं + रहा/रही / रहे + है/हैं। हूँ।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Subject + is/am/are + not + Verb + ing + Object.
(2) As given in Present Continuous Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. I am not writing an essay. मैं एक निबंध नहीं लिख रही हूँ।
  2. We are not writing an essay. हम एक निबंधे नहीं लिख रहे हैं।
  3. You are not writing an essay. तुम एक निबंध नहीं लिख रहे हो।
  4. Harris is not writing an essay. हैरिस एक निबंध नहीं लिख रहा है।
  5. They are not writing an essay. वे एक निबंधे नहीं लिख रहे हैं।

(c) Present Continuous Tense (Interrogative)
पहचानः क्या + रहा। रही / रहे + है/हैं / हँ?
नियमः (1) इसे Tense में शब्द-क्रेम (word-order) रहता है। Is/Am/Are + Subject + Verb + ing + Object?
(2) As given in Present Continuous Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. Am I writing an essay? क्या मैं एक निबंध लिख रही हूँ?
  2. Are we writing an essay? क्या हम एक निबंध लिम्वु रहे हैं?
  3. Are you writing an essay? क्या तुम एक निबंध लिख रहे हो?
  4. Is Harris writing an essay? क्या हैरिस एक निबंध लिख रहा है?
  5. Are they writing an essay? क्या वे एक निबंध लिख रहे हैं?

(d) Present Continuous Tense (Interrogative Negative)
पहचानः क्या + नहीं + रहा/रही/रहे + है / हैं / हूँ?
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहती है। Is/Arm/Are + Subject + Not + Verb + ing + Object?
(2) As given in Present Continuous Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. Am I not writing an essay? क्या मैं एक निबंध नहीं लिख रही हैं?
  2. Are we not writing an essay? क्या हम एक निबंधे नहीं लिख रहे हैं?
  3. Are you not writing an essay? क्या तुम एक निबंध नहीं लिख रहे हो?
  4. Is Harris not writing an essay? क्या हैरिस एक निबंध नहीं लिख रहा है?
  5. Are they not writing an essay? क्या वे एक निबंध नहीं लिख रहे हैं?

RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense image 3

Exercise Solved

Question 1.
Complete the sentences. Use one of these verbs:
build, cook, go, have, stand, stay, swim, work, rain

  1. Please be quiet. I …….
  2. Where is Umesh? He is in the kitchen. He ………
  3. You ……………….. on my foot.
  4. Look! Somebody ……………….. in the river.
  5. We’re here on holiday. We ……………….. at the Royal Hotel.
  6. Where’s Renu? She ……………….. a shower.
  7. They ……………….. a new theater in the city center at the moment.
  8. I……………….. now. Goodbye.
  9. The weather is nice at the moment. It is not ……….
  10. You can turn off the television. I am not ……………….. it.

Answer.

  1. Please be quiet. I am working.
  2. Where is Umesh? He is in the kitchen. He is cooking.
  3. You are standing on my foot.
  4. Look! Somebody is swimming in the river.
  5. We’re here on holiday. We are staying at the Royal Hotel
  6. Where’s Renu? She is having a shower.
  7. They are building a new theatre in the city centre at this moment.
  8. I am going now. Goodbye.
  9. The weather is nice at the moment. It is not raining.
  10. You can turn off the television. I am not watching it.

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form (Present Continuous) of the verbs given in the bracket.

  1. I……………….. from fever (not suffer).
  2. What …………..you …………. here? (do)
  3. ………….the peon…………. the bell? (not ring)
  4. Boys …………… a noise in the class (make)
  5. My brother ………….. a classical novel (read)
  6. Rani and Rajan ……………….. under the cot (crawl).
  7. The dog ……………….. its tail (wag).
  8. She ……………….. her right hand (wave).
  9. He ……………….. over the fence (jump).
  10. Sita ……………….. on her dress (put).

Answer.

  1. I am not suffering from fever.
  2. What are you doing here?
  3. Is the peon not ringing the bell.
  4. Boys are making a noise in the class.
  5. My brother is reading a classical novel.
  6. Rani and Rajan are crawling under the cot.
  7. The dog is wagging its tail.
  8. She is waving her right hand.
  9. He is jumping over the fence.
  10. Sita is putting on her dress.

3. Present Perfect Tense
(a) Present Perfect Tense (Affirmative)
पहचानः चुका है। चुकी है/चुके हैं।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Subject + has/have + Verb की IIIrd form + Object.
(2) चुका/चुकी/चुके जब आते हैं। has/have/had को लाते हैं। Verb की IIIrd form बिठाते हैं।
(a) Present Perfect Tense में has या have और Past Perfect Tense में had काम में आता है।
(b) Present Perfect Tense # IIIrd person, singular number of Subject of 197 has अन्यथा have काम में लेते हैं।

उदाहरण

  1. I have eaten sweets. मैं मिठाई खा चुका हूँ।
  2. We have eaten sweets. हम मिठाई खा चुके हैं।
  3. You have eaten sweets. तुम मिठाई खा चुके हो।
  4. Mukesh has eaten sweets. मुकेश मिठाई खा चुका है।
  5. They have eaten sweets. वे मिठाई खा चुके हैं।

(b) Present Perfect Tense (Negative)
पहचानः नहीं + चुका है। चुकी है। चुके हैं।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Subject + has/have + not + Verb की IIIrd form + Object.
(2) As given in Present Perfect Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. I have not eaten porridge. मैं दलिया नहीं खा चुका हूँ।
  2. We.have not eaten porridge. हम दलिया नहीं खा चुके हैं।
  3. You have not eaten porridge. तुम दलिया नहीं खा चुके हो।
  4. Mukesh has not eaten porridge. मुकेश दलिया नहीं खा चुका है।
  5. They have not eaten porridge. वे दलिया नहीं खा चुके हैं।

(c) Present Perfect Tense (Interrogative)
पहचानः क्या + चुका है। चुकी है। चुके हैं।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Has/Have + Subject + Verb की IIIrd form + Object?
(2) As given in Present Perfect Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. Have I learnt a lesson? क्या मैं पाठे याद कर चुका हूँ?
  2. Have we learnt a lesson? क्या हम पाठ याद कर चुके हैं?
  3. Have you learnt a lesson? क्या तुम पाठ याद कर चुके हो?
  4. Has Mukesh learnt a lesson? क्या मुकेश पाठ याद कर चुका है?
  5. Have They learnt a lesson. क्या वे पाठ याद कर चुके हैं?

(d) Present Perfect Tense (Interrogative Negative)
पहचानः क्या + नहीं + चुका है। चुकी है। चुके हैं।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Has/Have + Subject + Not + Verb की IIIrd form + Object?
(2) As given in Present Perfect Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. Have I not eaten butter? क्या मैं मक्खन नहीं खा चुका हूँ?
  2. Have we not eaten butter? क्या हम मक्खन नहीं खा चुके हैं?
  3. Have you not eaten butter? क्या तुम मक्खन नहीं खा चुके हो?
  4. Has Mukesh not eaten butter? क्या मुकेश मक्खन नहीं खा चुका है?
  5. Have They not eaten butter? क्या वे मक्खन नहीं खा चुके हैं?

RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense image 4

Exercise Solved

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect tense form of the verbs given in the brackets.

  1. The train …………… just now. (arrive)
  2. I…………… not …………… the cinema all these years. (visit)
  3. Someone ……………. some crockery. (break)
  4. I …………… never …………… the Taj (see)
  5. I …………… not …………….. him so far. (meet)
  6. I…………… the work even now. (finish)
  7. My friend …………… his purse. (lose)
  8. They …………… my pen. (take)
  9. Birds …………… from here. (fiy)
  10. Rachna …………… food. (cook)

Answer.

  1. The train has arrived just now.
  2. I have not visited the cinema all these years.
  3. Someone has broken some crockery.
  4. I have never seen the Taj.
  5. I have not met him so far.
  6. I have not finished the work even now.
  7. My friend has lost his purse.
  8. They have taken my pen.
  9. Birds have flown from here.
  10. Rachna has cooked food.

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
(a) Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Affirmative)
RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense image 5

उदाहरण

  1. I have been eating sweets for ten minutes. मैं दस मिनट से मिठाइयाँ खा रहा हूँ।
  2. We have been eating sweets since Monday. हम सोमवार से मिठाइयाँ खा रहे हैं।
  3. You have been eating sweets since 10 July. तुम 10 जुलाई से सेब नहीं खा रहे हो।
  4. The Wrestler has been eating sweets since Morning. पहलवान प्रातः से मिठाइयाँ खा रहा है।
  5. They have been eating sweets for two months. वे दो माह से मिठाइयाँ खा रहे हैं।

(b) Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Negative)
RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense image 6

उदाहरण

  1. I have not been eating apples for ten minutes. मैं दस मिनट से सेब नहीं खा रहा हूँ।
  2. We have not been eating apples since Monday. हमें सोमवार से सेब नहीं खा रहे हैं।
  3. You have not been eating apples since 10 July. तुम 10 जुलाई से सेब नहीं खा रहे हो।
  4. The Wrestler has not been eating apples since Morning. पहलवान प्रातः से सेब नहीं खा रहा है।
  5. They have not been eating apples for two months. वे दो माह से सेब नहीं खा रहे हैं।

(c) Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Interrogative)
पहचानः क्या + ……. समय के बाद ‘से’ + रहा/रही/रहे + है/हैं। हूँ।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Has/Have + Subject + been + Verb + ing + Object + since/for + समय।
(2), (3), (4) As given in Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. Have I been eating apples for ten minutes? क्या मैं दस मिनट से सेब खा रहा हूँ?
  2. Have we been eating apples since Monday? क्या हम सोमवार से सेब खा रहे हैं?
  3. Have you been eating apples since 10 July? क्या तुम 10 जुलाई से सेब खा रहे हो?
  4. Has The Wrestler been eating apples since Morning? क्या पहलवान प्रात: से सेब खा रहा है?
  5. Have they been eating apples for two months? क्या वे दो माह से सेब खा रहे हैं?

(d) Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Interrogative Negative)
पहचानः क्या + ……. समय के बाद ‘से’ + नहीं + रहा रही रहे + हे हैं। हूँ।
नियमः (1) इस Tense में शब्द-क्रम (word-order) रहता है। Has/Have + Subject + not been + Verb + ing + Object + since/for + समय।
(2), (3), (4) As given in Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Affirmative).

उदाहरण

  1. Have I not been eating apples for ten minutes? क्या मैं दस मिनट से सेब नहीं खा रहा हूँ?
  2. Have we not been eating apples since Monday? क्या हम सोमवार से सेब नहीं खा रहे हैं?
  3. Have you not been eating apples since 10 July? क्या तुम 10 जुलाई से सेब नहीं खा रहे हो?
  4. Has the Wrestler not been eating apples since Morning? क्या पहलवान प्रातः से सेब नहीं खा रहा है?
  5. Have they not been eating apples for two months? क्या वे दो माह से सेब नहीं खा रहे हैं?

अब निम्न वाक्यों को ध्यान से देखें व समझे।

  • I am reading.
    मैं पढ़ रहा हूँ।
  • I have been reading since 2 o’clock.
    मैं दो बजे से पढ़ रहा हूँ।

प्रथम वाक्य में काम चालू है अर्थात हो रहा है। यहाँ Present Continuous Tense काम में लेंगे। अर्थात Subject के बाद is/am/are + Verb +ing आएगा।। दूसरे वाक्य में काम कुछ समय से चालू है। अर्थात कुछ समय हो चुका है और फिर भी काम चल रहा है। अर्थात इसमें समय + से का प्रयोग हुआ है। यहाँ Present Perfect Continuous Tense काम में लेंगे अर्थात Subject के बाद has/have + been + Verb + ing काम में लेते हैं। अत: नियम यह बना कि यदि वाक्य में काम चल रहा है तो Present Continuous Tense काम में लेंगे व यदि वाक्य में काम कुछ समय से चल रहा है या ‘से’ का प्रयोग हुआ है तो has/have +- been + Verb + ing + since/for लगाएँगे।
RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense image 7

Use of ‘Since’ and ‘For
(a) ‘Since’ means ‘from some definite point or period in the past till now’
‘Since’ is used before a noun or phrase denoting some point of time in the past. It is preceded by a verb in the present perfect tense; as –
I have not seen Sanjay since 10th May.
She has been ill since Tuesday.
(b) ‘For’ means ‘a length of time till now.’
‘For’ is used before a noun or phrase denoting a period of time and is used with all the terises, as –
I shall stay here for a week.
They were there for ten days.

Exercise Solved

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect Continuous Tense of the verbs given in the brackets.

  1. We …………… English for two years (study)
  2. He …………… in this school for several years. (teach)
  3. …………… in this flat since 2000. (live)
  4. It …………… for three hours. (rain)
  5. They …………… for seven hours. (work).

Answer.

  1. We have been studying English for two years.
  2. He has been teaching in this school for several years.
  3. I have been living in this flat since 2000.
  4. It has been raining for three hours.
  5. They have been working for seven hours.

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks with since or for:

  1. He has been here ……………….. last Monday.
  2. She has been on the phone ……………….. twenty minutes.
  3. I have been in this town ……………….. 1967.
  4. You have been married ………………… six years.
  5. Raman has been on holiday ……………….. last Friday.

Answer.

  1. He has been here since last Monday.
  2. She has been on the phone for twenty minutes.
  3. I have been in this town since 1967.
  4. You have been married for six years.
  5. Raman has been on holiday since last Friday.

We hope the given RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense will help you. If you have any query regarding Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 10 English Grammar Present Tense, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

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