RBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Classification of Living Beings

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Classification of Living Beings

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Objective Questions

Question 1.
Which scientist for the first used scientific criteria
(a) Carolus Linnaeus
(b) Aristotle
(c) Darwin
(d) Whittaker

Question 2.
As per two kingdom classification, the organisms were divided into
(a) Monera & Protista
(b) Protista & Plantae
(c) Plantae & Animalia
(d) Protista & Animalia

Question 3.
Who propounded five kingdom classification
(a) Carolus
(b) Whittaker
(c) Haeckel
(d) Copeland

Question 4.
The character concern with mode of reproduction in kingdom Monera
(a) Conjugation
(b) Gameta fusion & conjugation
(c) Gameta fusion
(b) Fertilization
Answers:
(1) b
(2) c
(3) b
(4) a

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Who propounded two-kingdom classification?
Answer:
Carolus Linnaeus.

Question 2.
What is three kingdom classification ?
Answer:
Haeckel classified organisms into three kingdom viz. – Protista, Plantae & Animalia.

Question 3.
Name the kingdoms of five kingdom classification ?
Answer:
Monera, Protista, Plantae, Fungi & Animalia.

Question 4.
What is classification ?
Answer:
Systematic study of organisms.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Explain the importance of classification?
Answer:
It is not possible for any researcher to study all the species without the help of classification. Moreover, the names of the plants and animal varies from region to region and language to language. Even different names in the same language. Sometimes, the names of the species is misleading such as sea horse is not a horse but it is a marine fish.

Sometimes different species have a same name. Therefore, classification is essential to avoid such misconceptions and to provide one name to one species that is acceptable universally in all the languages all over the world.

Question 2.
Write in short about the history of organism classification?
Answer:
Aristotle (384-322 BC) was the first to classify the organisms scientifically. He was first to divide the organisms into two groups (i) Plant & (ii) Animals. The animals were further classified on the basis of presence or absence of RBC into two groups viz. – (a) Aniama -absence of RBC and (b) Eniama – Presence of RBC.

The plants were divided on the basis of morphology as trees, bushes and herbs.
Sweden scientist Carolus Linnaeus (18th century) classified plants and animals into two kingdom viz. – (i) Kingdom – Plantae and (ii)Kingdom – Animalia.

It is popular as two kingdom classification.However, this system failed to differentiate eukaryotes, prokaryotes, unicellular & multiceullar, algae & fungi etc. The classification systems putforth during 19th century were based on morphology, anatomy and geographical distribution of the organisms. Such characters are important even today.

Question 3.
Give a brief account of five kingdom classification?
Answer:
Hence, R.H. Whittakar (1969) propounded five kingdom classification and the five kingdom are  Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae & Animalia. This system is based on cell structure, Thallus structure, Nutrition mode, Reproduction and Phylogentic relationship.

Question 4.
Differentiate three kingdom & four kingdom systems of classification?
Answer:
Three Kingdom Classification :
It was propounded by Haeckel (1866) and for the first time a separate group was assigned for microorganisms.
The three groups are-
Kingdom – 1 = Protista
Kingdom – 2 = Plantae
Kingdom – 3 = Animalia
Four Kingdom Classification : It was propounded by H.F. Copeland (1938). He coined a new kingdom – Monera for blue green algae. Hence, the four kingdom are Monera, Protista, Plantae and Animalia.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 2 Essay Type Questions

Question 1.
Give an account of history of organism classification.
Answer:
It is believed that the idea of classification of the living beings started with the human civilization. Initial classifications were not scientific but were based on our general conceptions and the usefulness of the organisms was the basis of classification. According to an ancient system, the animals were divided into five groups viz.

1. Domestic animals
2. Wild animals
3. Creeping animals
4. Flying animals and
5. Marine animals.

Aristotle (384-322 BC) was the first to classify the organisms scientifically. He was first to divide the organisms into two groups (i) Plant & (ii) Animals. The animals were further classified on the basis of presence or absence of RBC into two groups viz. (a) Aniama absence of RBC and (b) Eniama – Presence of RBC.

The plants were divided on the basis of morphology as trees, bushes and herbs.Sweden scientist Carolus Linnaeus (18th century) classified plants and animals into two kingdom viz.- (i) Kingdom – Plantae and (ii) Kingdom – Animalia. It is popular as two kingdom classification. However, this system failed to differentiate eukaryotes, prokaryotes, unicellular & multiceullar, algae & fungi etc. The classification systems putforth during 19th century were based on morphology, anatomy and geographical distribution of the organisms. Such characters are important even today.

Question 2.
Describe the various types of classification given by different scientists.
Answer:
Aristotle (384-322 BC) was the first to classify the organisms scientifically. He was first to divide the organisms into two groups – (i) Plant & (ii) Animals. The animals were further classified on the basis of presence or absence of RBC into two groups viz.  (a) Aniama – absence of RBC and (b) Eniama – Presence of RBC.

The plants were divided on the basis of morphology as trees, bushes and herbs.Sweden scientist Carolus Linnaeus (18th century) classified plants and animals into two kingdom viz. –  (i) Kingdom – Plantae and (ii) Kingdom – Animalia. It is popular as two kingdom classification. However, this system failed to differentiate eukaryotes, prokaryotes, unicellular & multiceullar, algae & fungi etc.

The classification systems putforth during 19th century were based on morphology, anatomy and geographical distribution of the organisms. Such characters are important even today. After the evolutionary theory given by Darwin (1859), phylogentic basis of the organism was included in the classification.

The genetical similarities and cytogenetic characters were the main basis. Two main fields viz. (i) Chemotaxonomy and (ii) Numerical taxonomy were developed in the taxomony after 1960. To include, many changes occurred in the classification systems as per requirement from time to time.

Question 3.
What is five kingdom classification. Given an account of five kingdoms.
Answer:
It was propounded by R.H. Whittaker (1969). This system is based on cell structure, Thallus structure, Nutrition mode, Reproduction and Phylogentic relationship.

RBSE Solutions for Class 11 Biology