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Class 7 Our Rajasthan Chapter 8 Question Answer Independence Movement and Rajasthan
Our Rajasthan Class 7 Chapter 8 Independence Movement and Rajasthan Question Answer
I. Write the correct option of the following question in given bracket-
Question 1.
……………………………. wrote the famous Sorath by the name of “Chetavni ra Chungatya”:
(a) Kesari Singh Barhath
(b) Arjun Lai Sethi
(c) Jorawar Singh Barhath
(d) Rao Gopal Singh Kharwa
Answer:
(a) Kesari Singh Barhath
Question 2.
The taxes collected from the people of Bijoliya in the times of Rao Sawai Krishna Singh were of:
(a) 48 types
(b) 84 types
(c) 88 types
(d) 44 types
Answer:
(b) 84 types
II. Match the following-
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ |
| 1. Marwar Praja Mandal | (a) Manikya Lal Verma |
| 2. Mewar Praja Mandal | (b) Pandit Abhinna Hari |
| 3. Jaipur Praja Mandal | (c) Jamnalal Bajaj |
| 4. Bikaner Praja Mandal | (d) Jay Narayan Vyas |
| 5. Kota Praja Mandal | (e) Magharam Vaidya |
Answer:
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ |
| 1. Marwar Praja Mandal | (d) Jay Narayan Vyas |
| 2. Mewar Praja Mandal | (a) Manikya Lal Verma |
| 3. Jaipur Praja Mandal | (c) Jamnalal Bajaj |
| 4. Bikaner Praja Mandal | (e) Magharam Vaidya |
| 5. Kota Praja Mandal | (b) Pandit Abhinna Hari |
III. Fill in the blanks-
1. The Bhagat Andolan was started by ……………………. .
Answer:
Govind Guru
2. ………………………… established the Rajasthan Seva Sangh in Wardha in 1919.
Answer:
Vijay Singh Pathik.
IV. Very Short Answer Type Questions-
Question 1.
Write names of any three peasant movements.
Answer:
Three peasant movements are:
- Bijolia Peasant Movement,
- Begun Peasant Movement,
- Bundi Peasant Movement.
Question 2.
By whose ideology Govind Guru was influenced?
Answer:
He was greatly influenced by the ideas of Dayanand Saraswati.
V. Short Answer Type Questions-
Question 1.
Write a brief note on the Bijolia Peasant Movement.
Answer:
Bijolia Peasant Movement:
The Bijolia Peasant Movement, known as India’s first’ organised farmers movement, was started in 1897 AD by farmers of the Dhakad caste, because at that time 84 types of taxes were collected from the people of Bijolia. The farmers’ representatives, Naanji and Thakri Patel, complained about this to Maharana of Mewar, Rao Krishna Singh. Offended, Maharana imposed another tax called ‘Chanwri tax’.
After his death, Prithvi Singh imposed ‘Sword Tying’ tax on people. Farmers protested against this. This movement was divided into three stages (1897 to 1914, 1914 to 1923 and 1923 to 1941). Vijay Singh Pathik, Jamnalal Bajaj, etc., led the peasants’ movement. The movement ended after a long struggle in 1941 AD.
Question 2.
What do you understand by Praja Mandal? Write their names.
Answer:
The meaning of Praja Mandal is the board of the people or association of people. The Praja Mandal played a vital role in Rajasthan. The public was given the* responsibility of conducting the mass movement, and Praja Mandals were formed in the different princely states of Rajasthan.
Whose names are-
- Marwar Praja Mandal
- Jaipur Praja Mandal
- Mewar Praja Mandal
- Bikaner Praja Mandal
- Kota Praja Mandal
Independence Movement and Rajasthan Class 7 Question Answer
Multiple Choice Questions-
Question 1.
For how many years did the Bijolia Farmer Movement last?
(a) 11
(b) 22
(c) 33
(d) 44
Answer:
(d) 44
Question 2.
Who led the Begun Peasant Movement?
(a) Jamnalal Bajaj
(b) Vijay Singh Pathik
(c) Ramnarayan Chaudhari
(d) Pandit Naynuram
Answer:
(c) Ramnarayan Chaudhari
Question 3.
When was the Marwar Praja Mandal established?
(a) In 1934
(b) In 1936
(c) In 1938
(d) In 1939
Answer:
(a) In 1934
Question 4.
When did Seth Damodar Das Rathi lay the foundation of Arya Samaj in Beawar?
(a) In 1920
(b) In 1921
(c) In 1935
(d) In 1947
Answer:
(b) In 1921
Question 5.
Who established ‘Samp Sabha’ in 1903?
(a) Govind Guru
(b) Motilal Tejawat
(c) Arjun Lai Sethi
(d) Magharam Vaidya
Answer:
(a) Govind Guru
Question 6.
Who was the second messiah of the tribal communities?
(a) Govind Guru
(b) Manikyalal Verma
(c) Vijay Singh Pathik
(d) Motilal Tejawat
Answer:
(d) Motilal Tejawat
Question 7.
Farmers organised a meeting in Neemuchana village against the increased land revenue by Alwar Maharaja Jaisingh-
(a) In 1921
(b) In 1917
(c) In 1925
(d) In 1943
Answer:
(c) In 1925
Question 8.
The farmer movement with which Sardar Harlal Singh, Netaram Singh and Prithvi Singh Gothra were the main leaders was-
(a) Shekhawati Peasant Movement
(b) Neemuchana Peasant Movement
(c) Bundi Peasant Movement
(d) Sikar Peasant Movement
Answer:
(d) Sikar Peasant Movement
Question 9.
Vardhman School was established in Jaipur by—
(a) Govind Guru
(b) Motilal Tejawat
(c) Jai Narayan Vyas
(d) Arjun Lai Sethi
Answer:
(d) Arjun Lal Sethi
Question 10.
Under whose chairmanship was Mewar Prajamandal established on 24 April 1938?
(a) Balwant Singh Mehta
(b) Manikya Lai Verma
(c) Magharam Vaidya
(d) Lakshman Das Swami
Answer:
(a) Balwant Singh Mehta
Fill in the blanks-
1. …………………. of Chirawa Formed the Seva Samiti.
Answer:
Master Kalicharan
2. ……………….. played an important role in spreading the ideology of ……………….. among the Bhils.
Answer:
Govind Guru, awareness
3. In the state of Alwar, ………………….. caused damage to the crops of the farmers.
Answer:
wild boars
4. The …………………. was formed in ………………….. under the chairmanship of Ranchhod Das Gattari.
Answer:
Marwar Lok Parishad, 1938
5. The credit of starting an organised farmers movement in India goes to ……………………… farmers movement of Mewar.
Answer:
Bijolia
6. Magharam Vaidya and ………………… established the Bikaner Prajamandal in
Answer:
Lakshamandas Swami, 1936
Match the Column-
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ |
| 1. Jarayam Pesha Law | (a) Rupaji and Kripaji Dhakad |
| 2. Begun Peasant Movement | (b) Nanak Bhil |
| 3. Martyr in Bundi Peasant Movement | (c) 21 demanding points |
| 4. Mewar ki Pukar | (d) Sardar Harlal Singh |
| 5. Sikar Peasant Movement | (e) Meena tribal community |
Answer:
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ |
| 1. Jarayam Pesha Law | (e) Meena tribal community |
| 2. Begun Peasant Movement | (a) Rupaji and Kripaji Dhakad |
| 3. Martyr in Bundi Peasant Movement | (b) Nanak Bhil |
| 4. Mewar ki Pukar | (c) 21 demanding points |
| 5. Sikar Peasant Movement | (d) Sardar Harlal Singh |
Very Short Answer Type Questions-
Question 1.
Where was Govind Guru born?
Answer:
Govind Guru was born in Dungarpur state in an ordinary Gypsy family.
Question 2.
How many languages did Arjun Lai Sethi know?
Answer:
He was a scholar of five languages- English, Persian, Sanskrit, Arabic and Pali.
Question 3.
Due to whose efforts Jaipur Prajamandal was established in 1931?
Answer:
Due to the effort of Kapoor Chand Patani and Jamna Lal Bajaj, Jaipur Prajamandal was established in 1931.
Question 4.
Who led the third phase of the Bijolia peasant movement?
Answer:
Jamnalal Bajaj led the third phase of the Bijolia Peasant Movement.
Question 5.
Which revolutionary became a victim of inhuman torture by the British government and was martyred at a young age in Bareilly jail?
Answer:
Kunwar Pratap Singh (Son of Kesari Singh Barhat).
Question 6.
To whom was the task of armed revolution in Rajasthan given?
Answer:
Thakur Gopal Singh and Vijay Singh Pathik of Kharwa.
Question 7.
What is called Chanwari tax?
Answer:
It is a tax taken by the jagirdars on the wedding of the daughters of the people.
Question 8.
Which incident did Gandhiji call the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of Rajasthan?
Answer:
Gandhiji called the incident of firing on the farmers’ gathering in Neemuchana village as the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of Rajasthan.
Question 9.
When and under whose leadership did the farmers of Bundi launch a movement against tax and forced labour?
Answer:
In the year 1926, under the leadership of Pandit Naynuram, Ramnarayan Chaudhary and Hari Bhai Kinkar.
Question 10.
What is meant by ‘Laal-Baag’ tax?
Answer:
Laal-Baag is the cost tax and begar taken by the jagirdar from his people.
Short Answer Type Questions-I-
Question 1.
Give information about Bikaner Praja Mandal.
Answer:
Bikaner Praja Mandal was established by Magharam Vaidya and Lakshman Das Swami in 1936. An open session of the Praja Mandal was organised in Raisingh’Nagar on 30th June 1946.
Question 2.
What restrictions did the government impose on the Meena tribe under the Criminal Tribes Act of 1924?
Answer:
In 1924, the government imposed the Criminal Tribes Act in which the people of Meena tribe above the age of 12 were bound to give daily attendance in the nearby police station.
Question 3.
Write a brief comment on Mar war Praja Mandal.
Answer:
Marwar Praja Mandal-Jai Narayan Vyas established the Marwar Praja Mandal in Jodhpur in 1934. Its chairman was Bhanwar Lai Saraf. In order to give impetus to the Praja Mandal Movement, the Marwar Lok Parishad was formed in 1938 under the chairmanship of Ranchhod Das Gattari.
Question 4.
Why was the Meena tribal movement launched in Rajasthan during the British period?
Answer:
In Rajasthan, the Meena tribal movements were launched to remove the prevalent evils in Meena society, to remove harsh laws like “Jarayam Pesha* and to end the chaukidar system. The ‘Jarayam Pesha’ law ended after independence in 1952.
Question 5.
When, who and why was Samp Sabha established?
Answer:
Samp Sabha was established in 1903 by Govind Guru to unify the tribals living in the middle of the hills of Dungarpur, Banswara, South Mewar, Sirohi, Gujarat and Malwa and to keep them away from alcohol, meat, robbery, etc. and for their educational and moral development.
Question 6.
What are the views of Jawaharlal Nehru regarding the mass movement?
Answer:
According to Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru, a movement can start in any place only when the people of there are ready. The public was given the responsibility of conducting the mass movement.
Question 7.
Write a brief introduction of Vijay Singh Pathik.
Answer:
Vijay Singh Pathik-He was born in Bulandshahar (Uttar Pradesh). His real name was Bhoop Singh Gurjar. He led the Bijoliya peasant movement with the name of Vijay Singh Pathik and also established the Rajasthan Seva Sangh in Wardha in 1919.
Short Answer Type Questions-II-
Question 1.
How did the freedom movement start in Rajasthan?
Answer:
When the independence movement was going on in the country, Rajasthan was not left unaffected to it. The British had direct control over Ajmer in Rajasthan. The rest of Rajasthan was ruled by kings and emperors. So the form of struggle was a little different here. The British had started interfering in the work of local states, that changed the social warp and weft there.
The farmers and tribes here raised their voice and struggled against this. Subsequently, Praja Mandals (people’s board) were established in various princely states. Praja Mandals awakened the political consciousness of the people and later played an important role in the integration of Rajasthan.
Question 2.
Why did the peasant movements occur in Rajasthan?
Answer:
In medieval period, relations between the Jagirdar (feudal lords) and farmers were good in Rajasthan. The jagirdar used to encourage the farmers to settle in their jagir (estate). But after the Subsidiary Alliance between the British and the kings the British started collecting taxes from the kings in cash.
The kings collected this amount from the Jagirdar, and in turn, the Jagirdar collected it from the farmers. Along with the British, the king and the Jagirdars also fell into a life of luxury and put this burden on the farmers. To protest, distressed farmers started several movements.
Question 3.
Briefly explain the Alwar (Neemuchana) Peasants’ Movement.
Answer:
Alwar Peasant Movement-
This movement went on two stages for two reasons-
- In the state of Alwar, wild boars caused damage to the crops of the farmers. But they were forbidden to kill, so in 1921 the farmers started a movement.
- In 1925, the farmers organised a meeting in Neemuchana village against the increased revenue imposed by Alwar Maharaja Jai Singh. This gathering was shot like Jallianwala Bagh, in which hundreds of farmers, women and children were killed. Many animals died due to burning.
Question 4.
Write in brief about Seth Damodar Das Rathi.
Answer:
Seth Damodar Das Rathi- Damodar Das Rathi was born in Pokaran, Marwar. He was inclined towards the national issues, right from his childhood. He was an intimate friend of Rao Gopal Singh of Kharwa. During the First World War, Ras Bihari Bose and Raja Mahendra Pratap made plans for revolution all over the country and decided the date 21 February 1915 for the purpose.
The responsibility of capturing the cantonment of Nasirabad, in Ajmer in Rajasthan, was given to Rao Gopal Singh of Kharwa and Bhoop Singh. The financial arrangements for this plan, were made by Rathi. Rathiji laid the foundation of Arya Samaj in Beawar in 1921.
Question 5.
Describe about Sikar Peasant Movement.
Answer:
Sikar Peasant Movement- Sikar was the biggest Thikana in Jaipur state. Here, the peasants protested against the increase in land revenue. Sardar Harlal Singh, Netaram Singh and Prithvi Singh Gothra were the prominent leaders associated with this movement.
The peaceful demonstration was shot by bullets. This movement was discussed in the House of Commons in London. Finally, the farmers were persuaded to agree to a settlement reforms, and revenue was also reduced.
Question 6.
Which great personalities gave their support during the Bijolia Farmer Movement?
Answer:
This movement was started by the farmers of the Dhakad caste. The farmers’ representatives, Naanji and Thakri Patel, complained about 84 types of taxes. Maharana of Mewar and Sadhu Sitaram Das, Fateh Karan Charan, and Brahmadev led the first phase of the movement.
Vijay Singh Pathik led the second phase, and he got the support of Manikya Lai Verma. Jamnalal Bajaj led the third phase of the movement. Women leaders like Anjana Devi Choudhary, Rama Devi and Narayani Devi Verma also contributed to this movement. After a long struggle of 44 years, the movement ended successfully.
Essay Type Questions-
Question 1.
Explain any three peasant movements of Rajasthan.
Answer:
The three peasant movements of Rajasthan are-
1. The Begun Peasant Movement: Motivated by the success of Bijoliya movement, the farmers of the Begun Thikana of Mewar also raised their voice against the atrocities of the Jagirdar. Ramnarayan Choudhary led the farmers on the order of Pathik. Leader like Rupaji and Kripaji Dhakad made the movement successful by sacrificing themselves. In the end, the government had to bow and 34 out of 53 taxes were abolished and forced labour was banned.
2. Bundi Peasant Movement: This movement was started under the leadership of Pandit Naynuram, Ramnarayan Choudhary and Hari Bhai Kinkar in 1926. The peasants protested against the Laag Baag and forced labour, Nanak Bhil was shot. Finally, the state government of Bundi accepted the demands of the farmers in 1943.
3. The Shekhawati Peasant Movement: The Shekhawati farmers also protested against the increase in the revenue. Master Kalicharan of Chirawa formed the Service Committee. The farmers of Nawalgarh, Mandawa, Dhundlod, and Malasar refused to pay the revenue. Thikanedar and Thakurs tortured the farmers. A permanent solution was occured only after the independence.
Question 2.
Write about the Bhil Tribal Movement in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Bhil Movement: Govind Guru played an important role in spreading the ideology of awareness among the Bhils. He established the “Samp Sabha” and awakened the Bhils, against paying unfair taxes and forced labour.
In 1913, when there was a session of Samp Sabha being held on Mangarh hills, on full moon in the month of Ashwin, the British army surrounded the hill and started firing. Thousands of tribals died and were injured at the spot. The incident was widely condemned and, considered to be equivalent to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. Because the followers of Govind Guru were called Bhagat, therefore this movement was also called Bhagat movement.
Motilal Tejawat was the second Messiah of the tribal castes. Tejawat motivated the farmers and tribes for struggle against begar lagaan and other atrocities at Matrikundiya in Chittorgarh.
Thousands of tribal peoples gathered at Udaipur to impart speed to the movement. They gave the Maharana a letter containing 21 demanding point. This letter of demand is called the ‘Call of Mewar’. The Maharana instantly accepted 18 demands. Bhogilal Pandya and Haridev Joshi also played an important role in organising the Bhils in Banswara, Dewal and Dungarpur.
Question 3.
Describe about Meena Tribal Movement in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Meena Tribal Movement: One section of the Meena tribe was given the responsibility of maintaining peace by the British rule. This section of Meena used to guard and in return, collected chauth (a kind of tax) from the village. These Meenas are called “Chaukidar Meena”.
They were often held responsible for all the theft and robbery taking place in the state, and when the stolen goods were not found, then the cost of the goods was recovered from the Meenas. In 1924, the government bound the people of Meena tribe, above the age of 12, to give daily attendance in the nearby police station (Thana), under the Criminal Tribes Act.
Discontentment spread among the Meena due to these reasons. Movements were launched to remove the prevalent evils in Meena society and to remove harsh laws like “Jarayam Pesha”.
Question 4.
Throw light on the establishment of Prsga Mandals in any three princely states of Rajasthan.
Answer:
Praja Mandals were established in the three princely states of Rajasthan as follows-
1. Jaipur Praja Mandal: This was Rajasthan’s first Praja Mandal. It was established in 1931 by the efforts of Kapoor Chand Patani and Jamna Lai Bajaj. The Jaipur Praja Mandal was reconstituted in 1936, and it started working under the leadership of Chiranji Lai Mishra. The first session was held in 1938 under the chairmanship of Jamna Lai Bajaj. Later, Heera Lai Shastri became its chairman. The Praja Mandal demanded the establishment of a responsible government in the princely state.
2. Mewar Praja Mandal: It was established on 24 April, 1938 under the chairmanship of Balwant Singh Mehta. Manikya Lai Verma had a leading role in this. The Praja Mandal consistently pressurized the Maharana to break his ties with the British. The Praja Mandal played active role in the freedom struggle.
3. Kota Praja Mandal: Nayanu Ram established this Hadoti Praja Mandal with the support of Abhinna Hari, Tansukh Lai, etc. A Praja Mandal session was held in Kota under the chairmanship of Pandit Nayanu Ram on May 1939. Like other Praja Mandals, the workers of the Kota Praja Mandal participated in the Quit India Movement.
Question 5.
Write a short note on the following prominent leader of people-
(1) Govind Guru
(2) Arjun Lai Sethi
(3) Kesari Singh Barhat
Answer:
1. Govind Guru: He was born in Dungarpur state in an ordinary Gypsy family. He was influenced by Dayanand Saraswati. He established the Samp Sabha in 1903 for the social upliftment. Through Samp Sabha, he brought about character development and social upliftment of the tribals. He tried to keep the tribals away from alcohol, meat, robbery, theft, etc. He made the efforts of unifying the tribals living in the middle of the hills of Dungarpur, Banswara, South Mewar, Sirohi, Gujarat and Malwa.
2. Arjun Lal Sethi: He was born in Jaipur. He was a scholar of English, Persian, Sanskrit, Arabic and Pah. He established the Vardhman School in Jaipur in which there were arrangements to provide training to the revolutionaries, around the country. Besides religious education, Sethi taught students patriotism and revolution. The responsibility of organising an armed revolution, in Rajasthan, was entrusted to Sri Sethi.
3. Kesari Singh Barhath : Kesari Singh Barhath was associated with the armed revolution in Rajasthan. He worked to get the active support of Jagirdars and the rich peoples, against British, in the independence struggle. He had deep influence over the royal house of Udaipur, Jodhpur and Bikaner. To warn the Maharana of Mewar, against the British rule, Kesari Singh Barhath wrote a famous Soratha called “Chetawani ra Chungatya”.
Question 6.
Write about any three prominent leader of people in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Three prominent people’s leader in Rajasthan has discussed as follows-
1. Thakur Jorawar Singh Barhath: He was the younger brother of Thakur Kesari Singh Barhath and paternal uncle of Amar Shahid Kunwar Pratap Singh. He was also present with Ras Bihari Bose, who threw bomb on Lord Hardinge in Chandni Chowk. The Kota and the Bihar government announced heavy rewards to capture him. Therefore, he remained underground continuously.
2. Kunwar Pratap Singh: He was the son of Kesari Singh Barhath. He participated in the revolutionary activities with Ras Bihar Bose. He was arrested by the police and was sent to the the Bareilly jail and tortured brutally. He was given temptations for giving information about his companions. But he did not tell about his friends. He became a victim of the inhuman torture of the British government and was martyred in the Bareilly jail.
3. Rao Gopal Singh Kharwa: He supported Vijay Singh Pathik during the armed revolution in Rajasthan. The plan failed and both were house arrested in Targarh. They both went absconding from there after a few days but Gopal Singh was caught in Salimabad and sent to Tihar jail. After being released in 1920, he got involved with creative activities.
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