Infrastructure: Engine of India’s Development Class 7 Extra Questions and Answers SST Part 2 Chapter 7

Start practicing the Class 7 Social Science Extra Questions and Class 7 SST Part 2 Chapter 7 Infrastructure: Engine of India’s Development Extra Questions to consolidate your knowledge effectively.

Infrastructure: Engine of India’s Development Class 7 Extra Question Answer

Extra Questions of Infrastructure: Engine of India’s Development Class 7

Infrastructure: Engine of India’s Development Class 7 Very Short Question Answer

Question 1.
Which country has the largest road network in the world?
Answer:
United States of America (2024).

Question 2.
Which type of roads help ambulances reach hospitals?
Answer:
The Local Roads.

Question 3.
Who builds and maintains state highways?
Answer:
State highways are maintained by States through Public Works Department (PWD).

Question 4.
Which cities are connected by Golden Quadrilateral Highways?
Answer:
Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata.

Question 5.
Name two raw materials transported by railway during British rules.
Answer:
Cotton and Tea.

Question 6.
Which sector is the largest employer in India?
Answer:
Railways.

Question 7.
In how many Indian cities do metro trains operate.
Answer:
23 Indian cities.

Question 8.
Which countries have larger metro networks than India?
Answer:
China and USA.

Question 9.
What services does e-governance provide to citizens?
Answer:
Citizens can apply for documents, file complaints, or get information easily.

Question 10.
Name any two facilities students can access due to advancements in communication.
Answer:
Digital libraries and educational videos.

Infrastructure: Engine of India’s Development Class 7 Short Question Answer

Question 1.
Mention the types of roads.
Answer:
Types of roads are-

• The local roads-There are local roads near our home.
• State Highways-They connect towns and districts within a state along with other bigger highways.
• National highways and expressways. There are superfast roads that join cities across states.

Question 2.
What are the merits of bridges?
Answer:

• Bridge provides year-round travel and has cut travel time.
• Farmers can take their vegetables and fruits to the market before they spoil.
• Through the connectivity of bridges, people can access facilities like medicines, food, etc. faster, even during disasters.

Question 3.
Give the advantages of metro train systems.
Answer:
Advantages of Metro Train Systems :

• They offer fast and reliable travel, easier daily commutes and help reduce road traffic.
• By running on underground and elevated tracks metro trains cut travel time, and also lower pollution by using cleaner fuels like electricity.

Question 4.
Highlight major advantages of air transport.
Answer:

• Air transport is the fastest way to connect people and places within and across countries.
• Passenger flights carry people and cargo flights move high-value or perishable goods like vaccines, chemicals, seafood, etc.
• They are helpful in delivering aid to people during diasters like floods or earthquakes as they can reach difficult terrains like high mountains, deserts, dense forests, and long oceanic stretches easily.

Question 5.
‘The volume of cargo handled has increased by 50 per cent in the past decade.’ How?
Answer:

• India’s long coastline is connected to regions like West Asia, Africa and Europe, supporting trade through shipping.
• Ships carry heavy goods like coal, cars and cement over long distances.
• India has 12 major and 217 minor ports to handle trade.

Question 6.
Write the features of Kempegowda International Airport.
Answer:

• Kempegowda International Airport is located in Bengluru, Karnataka.
• It’s design is based on the concept of ‘garden city’.
• It has bamboo designs, plants, and green spaces, along with modern infrastructure to give passengers comfort and convenience.

Question 7.
Why highways cannot be built everywhere? Give reasons.
Answer:
Highways cannot be built everywhere because difficult terrains like dense forests, wide river beds and steep mountains works as a barrier in making highways. Due to these the construction cost and maintenance are high, which make it difficult to built highways everywhere.

Infrastructure: Engine of India’s Development Class 7 Long Question Answer

Question 1.
Why is physical infrastructure important?
Answer:

• Physical infrastructure is important because it makes life easier for people, communities and businesses.
• It connects goods and services to markets through roads railways, airways, and shipping.
• It supports tourism, connects remote areas, helps during emergencies.
• It strengthens national security by improving access for defence forces across all terrains.

Question 2.
Describe the construction and features of living root bridges in Meghalaya.
Answer:

• Meghalaya’s living root bridges are crafted by indigeneous Khasi and Jaintia tribes using the roots of the Ficus elastica tree.
• They guide the roots across streams with bamboo and palm trunks, roots grow stronger over years twisting into natural bridges.
• These are not just pathways but living structures, nurtured across generation.
• They reflect local knowledge of Nature and have cultural meaning, connecting generation together.

Question 3.
Explain how communication infrastructure promotes ease of living for communities.
Answer:
Communication infrastructure promotes ease of living for communities in following ways:

• Through it students access to online classes, libraries and videos even in remote areas.
• It helps during natural disasters.
• It supports small and large businesses through e-commerce.
• It enables fast online payments, and allows citizen to use e-governance services like applying for documents, filing complaints, or getting information easily.

Question 4.
Who was J.C. Bose? What was his contribution in the development of communication?
Answer:

• Jagdish Chandra Bose was an Indian Scientist who pioneered wireless transmission using microwaves in the millimetre range.
• J.C. Bose invented many devices such as a galena crystal detector antennas, and wave guides, etc. These were early tools in wireless technology.
• His work laid foundations for modern communication.
• He also promoted scientific research by establishing the Bose Institute in 1917.

Question 5.
Suggest about collective responsibilities of citizens towards infrastructure.
Answer:
Collective responsibilities towards infrastructure :

• We should to improve panchayat and municipal administrative services for waste management, sewer systems, traffic management, provision of clean and safe drinking water, pedestrian-friendly footpaths.
• We should use safe and sustainable infrastructure that uses cleaner energy and environment-friendly materials to minimise pollution and harm to biodiversity.
• We should use solar panels for generating electricity.
• The design of the infrastructure should consider the needs of children, the elderly and disabled person.

Question 6.
What does Kautilya’s Arthashastra say about the development and protection of roads and waterways?
Answer:

• Kautilya’s Arthashastra highlights the active role of state, villages, and assemblies in building and maintaining roads and waterways.
• It provides detailed rules for roads construction, with widths varying by purpose royal highways, countryside roads, port towns roads, and village roads were 16 metre wide, while forest roads and city roads were about 8m, and chariot roads 2.5 m.
• It also deterred protecting the infrastructure by recommending punishments and fines for damage.
• Severe penalty were suggested for damaging water reservoirs and fines for trespassing into parks, breaking hedges, or obstructing paths to water-works and forests.

Question 7.
Railways became the lifeline for moving people and goods. Justify with examples.
Answer:
The British introduced railways in India in 1853 to transport raw materials like cotton and tea to ports for exporting them to Britain. Railways also helped British goods move across India and created a market for them. As the railway network expanded, trade grew, major markets developed, and new settlements emerged near stations.

Today, the Indian railways carry over 20 million passengers everyday, and is one of the cheapest train services in the world.
Indian railways is the largest employer with 1.20 million employees like engineers, ticket collectors etc. and created many jobs like catering, vending and taxi services. Hence, it can be said that railways is the lifeline for moving people and goods.

Question 8.
Why is physical infrastructure considered the backbone of a nation?
Answer:
Physical infrastructure is the backbone of our nation. It makes life easier for people, communities, and businesses, and enables government to function smoothly. For instance, transport system like roads, railways, airways, and shipping connects, places of origin or manufacturing to the nearest markets for goods and services.

India has had a network of trade routes since ancient times, and today’s modern infrastructure has taken this forward to boost trade, both within and outside the country. Better infrastructure also supports tourism, connects remote areas, and helps during emergencies like floods or earthquakes. It also strengthens national security by improving access to all kinds of terrain for the defence forces.

Question 9.
Write an essay on communication infrastructure by emphasising E-governance and E-commerce.
Answer:
Technology has transformed how we communicate, making it faster and easier through devices like phones, computers, and tablets. Behind this is communication infrastructure, including cables, wireless devices, towers, satellites and data centres, that enables the transmitting of messages, images, videos, etc.

Through advancements in communication infrastructure, students can access online classes, digital libraries and educational videos in remote areas too. Small and large businesses sell products across the world through ecommerce. E-governance means the use of communication technology by the government to deliver services to citizens, for example, DigiLocker to store documents and quick online payments. On the other hand, e-commerce means buying and selling products and services through digital mediums.