RBSE Class 10 Maths Notes Chapter 6 Triangles

These comprehensive RBSE Class 10 Maths Notes Chapter 6 Triangles will give a brief overview of all the concepts.

RBSE Class 10 Maths Chapter 6 Notes Triangles

Important Points

1. Triangle — A figure on a plane enclosed by three straight lines is called a triangle. We use the symbol Δ for a triangle. The lines which form the triangle are called its sides and the points at which these sides meet each other are called the vertices of the triangle.

2. Two triangles are said to be congruent if they have the same shape and the same size.

3. Two figures having the same shape but not necessarily the same size are called similar figures.

4. All congntent figures are similar but its converse is not true.

5. Two polygons of the same number of sides are similar, if
(i) their corresponding angles are equal and
(ii) their corresponding sides are in the same ratio (or proportion).

6. If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct points, then the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.

7. If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, then the line is parallel to the third side.

8. If in two triangles corresponding angles are equal, then their corresponding sides are in the same ratio and hence the two triangles are similar (AAA similarity criterion).

9. If in two triangles, two angles of one triangle are respectively equal to the two angles of the other triangle, then the two triangles are similar (AA similarity criterion).

10. If in two triangles, corresponding sides are in the same ratio. Then their corresponding angles are equal and hence the two triangles are similar (SSS similarity criterion).

11. If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the sides including these angles are in the same ratio, then the triangles are similar (SAS similarity criterion).

12. The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is eaual to the square of the ratio of their corresponding sides.

13. If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a right triangle to the hypotenuse, then the triangles on both sides of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and also to each other.

14. In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides (Pythagoras Theorem).

15. If in a triangle, square of one side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the angle opposite to the first side is a right angle.