RBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

These comprehensive RBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources will give a brief overview of all the concepts.

RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Notes Management of Natural Resources

→ Our resources like forests, wild life, water, coal and petroleum need to be used in a sustainable manner.

→ The Ganga action plan came about in 1985 because the quality of the water in the Ganga was very poor. Coliform is a group of bacteria, found in human intestines, whose presence in water indicates contamination by disease-causing micro organisms.

→ Pollution of the Ganga – The main reason is, that a large untreated sewage is dumped into the Ganga by the cities situated at the bank of this river. In addition, think of the pollution caused by other human activities like bathing, washing of clothes and immersion of ashes or unburnt corpses. And then, industries contribute chemical effluents to the Ganga’s pollution load.

→ Check the pH of the water supplied to our house by using universal indicator. By which we can know the quality of water.

→ Principle of five R –

• Refuse – This means to say NO to things people offer you that you don’t need.
• Reduce -This means that you use less.
• Reuse – In this we use things again and again.
• Repurpose – This means when a product can no more be used for the original purpose, think carefully and use it for some other useful purpose.
• Recycle – This means that you collect plastic, paper, glass and metal items and recycle these materials to make required things.

→ All the things we use or consume like food, clothes, books, toys, furniture, tools and vehicles are obtained from resources which are present on this earth. The only thing we get from outside is energy which we receive from the sun.

→ We should use our resources carefully. Because these resources are not unlimited. The human population, increasing at a tremendous rate is due to improvement in health-care, the demand for all resources is increasing at an exponential rate.

→ The management of natural resources requires a long-term perspective so that these will last for the future generation and will not merely be exploited to the hilt for short term’ gains. This management should also ensure equitable distribution of resources to all.

→ Forests are the biodiversity hot spots’. One measure of the biodiversity of an area is the number of species found there. However, the range of different life form (bacteria, fungi, ferns, flowering plants, nematodes, insects, birds, reptiles and so on) is also important.

→ Stakeholders-Different stakeholders of forest resources are –

• The people who live in or around forests are dependent on forest produce for various aspects of their life.
• The forest department of the government owns the land and controls the resources from forests.
• The industrialists who use ‘tendu’ leaves to make bidis and the owners of paper mills – who use various forest produce are not dependent on the forests in anyway.
• The wild life and nature enthusiasts want to conserve nature in its pristine form.

→ Management of forest resources has to take into account the interests of various stateholders.

→ Bishnoi community in Rajasthan, for whom conservation of forest and wildlife has been a religious tenet. The government of India has recently instituted an ‘Amrita Devi Bishnoi national award for wildlife conservation.

→ Amrita Devi Bishnoi national award is given in the memory of Amrita Devi Bishnoi, who in 1731 sacrificed her life along with 363 others for the protection of ‘Khejri’ trees in Khejrali village near Jodhpur in Rajasthan.

→ Chipko Andolan – The movement originated from an incident in a remote village called Reni in Garhwal, high-up in the Himalayas during the early 1970s. There was a dispute between the local villagers and a logging contractor who had been allowed to fell trees in a forest close to the village.

On a particular day, the contractor’s workers appeared in the forest to cut the trees while the men folk were absent. Undeterred, the women of the village reached the forest quickly and clasped the tree trunks thus preventing the workers from felling the trees. Thus thwarted, the contractor had to withdraw.

→ With the active and willing participation of the local community, the sal forests of Arabari underwent a remarkable recovery-by 1983, à previously worthless forest was valued Rs. 12.5 crores.

→ The harnessing of water resources by building dams has social, economic and environmental implications. “Alternatives to large dams exist. These are locale specific and may be developed so as to give local people control over their local resources.

→ Watershed Management-Emphasises scientific soil and water conservation in order to increase the biomass production. The aim is to develop primary resources of land and water, to produce secondary resources of plants and animals for use in a manner which will not cause ecological imbalance.

→ Water harvesting is an age-old concept in India. Khadins, tanks and nadis in Rajasthan, bandharas and tals in Maharashtra, bundhis in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, ahars and pynes in Bihar, kulhs in Himachal Pradesh, ponds in the Kandi belt of Jammu region, and eris (tanks) in Tamil Nadu, surangams in Kerala, and kattas in Karnataka are some of the ancient water harvesting, including water conveyance, structures still in use today.

→ The advantage of water stored in the ground

• It does not evaporate, but spreads out nearby.
• Provides moisture for vegetation over a wide area.
• It does not provide breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
• The ground water is also relatively protected from contamination by human and animal waste.

→ The fossil fuels, coal and petroleum, will ultimately be exhausted. Because of this and because their combustion pollutes our environment, we need to use these resources judiciously.

→ Energy consumption can be reduced by following alternatives –

• Travelling in a bus in place of using personal vehicle (motor cycle, scooter) or walking / cycling.
• Use of fluorescent tubes in place of bulb.
• Using stairs in place of lift.