These comprehensive RBSE Class 10 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 3 Water Resources will give a brief overview of all the concepts.
RBSE Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Water Resources
Summary
Water resource – About 3/4 of the earth surface is covered with water but only a small portion of it accounts for fresh water that can be put to use. This fresh water is mainly obtained from surface run off and ground water that is continually being renewed and recharged through the hydrological cycle.
Water scarcity and the need for water conservation and management – Shortage of water as compared to its demand is known as water scarcity. In India, it is true that the availability of water resources varies over space and time, mainly due to the variations in reasonal and annual precipitition, but water scarcity in most cases is caused by over-exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups.There is need to control of over usage of water resource.
Causes of pressure on water resources – Post independent India, the ever increasing number of industries has made matters worse by exerting pressure on existing fresh water resources. “Water scarcity in most cases is caused by over exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups.
Causes of water pollution – Water may be polluted by domestic and industrial wastes, chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers used in agriculture, thus making it hazardous for human use.
Multi-Purpose river projects – A river valley project which solves a number of purposes such as irrigation, flood control and generates hydroelectricity.
Meaning of dam – A dam is a barrier across the flowing water that obstructs, dissects or retards the flow, often creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment.
Classification of dams – Dams are classified as timber dams, embankment dams or masonry dams. According to height dams can be classified as large dams, major dams or alternatively as low dams and medium high dams or high dams.
Disadvantage of big dams – The big dams have been unsuccessful mostly in controlling floods at the time of excessive rainfall. They Cause flood and loss of life and property with excessive soil erosion.
Narmada Bachao Andolan – Narmada Bachao Andolan or Save Narmada Movement was a non-government organization that mobilized tribal people, farmers, environmentalists and human right activists against the Sardar Sarover Dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujarat.
Rain water harvesting – It is a technique to increase the recharge of ground water by capturing and storing rain water by constructing structure such as percolating pits, check dams etc.
Water harvesting tradition in Rajasthan – In the semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, particularly in Bikaner, Phalodi and Banner, almost all the houses traditionally had underground tanks or tankas for storing drinking water.
Today, in western Rajasthan, sadly the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline as plenty of water is available due to the perennial Indira Gandhi canal
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