RBSE Class 9 Social Science Notes Chapter 15 Natural Vegetation and Soils of India

Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 9 Social Science Notes Chapter 15 Natural Vegetation and Soils of India

• The vegetation found on different heights is called vegetation.
• Natural vegetation refers to a plant community which has grown naturally without human effort and is left undisturbed for a long time.
• At present, there are about 47,000 plant species found in India.
• Wild animals living in a natural environment and comprising all types of animals, birds, reptiles, etc. are called wildlife.
• There are about 75,000 animal species found in India.
• Diverse vegetation and wildlife are due to a combination of various factors:
  • Varied land forms
  • Slope of land and altitude
  • Temperature and amount of rainfall
  • Climate
  • Soil conditions
• The upper most layer of the land, loose, fragmented and useful for growing plants is called soil.
• Different types of soils provides basis for different types of vegetation.
• Vegetation is also affected by rainfall and temperature conditions. It has given rise to following forests in India:
  • Evergreen forests or rain forests
  • Deciduous forests or monsoon forests
  • Thorny forests
  • Desert forests
  • Tidal forests
  • Mountain forests
• Forests are important to us in a number of ways. Indian Government has taken various steps to protect forests.
• The forest policy was adopted in 1894 for the first time in India. After independence, a
• new forest policy was declared on 31 May 1954, and again in 1988, new forest policy was declared.
• For forest conservation various awards are given.
• In India, for wildlife conservation, 18 Biosphere reserves are established.
• There are 537 Wildlife Sanctuaries and 166 National Parks established in India.
• Keoladeo National Park in Bharatpur (Rajasthan) and Kaziranga National Park in Assam are included in World Heritage sites.
• In Rajasthan, 29 tenets of Bisnois are considered the important rules for environment conservation.
• On the basis of color, texture and fertility, soils of Rajasthan are classified in six types
  • Desert
  • Red-Yellow
  • Laterite
  • Black
  • Loamy.

 

Conservation: The protection of natural environment.

Environment: Physical, chemical and biological conditions as a cover around the earth in which a living being can survive.

Evergreen forests: Forests which remain green throughout the year.

National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary: These are reserved areas for the preservation and development of endangered species of wildlife.

Relief: Physical features of an area.

Endangered: whose existence is threatened.

Poaching: To catch or shoot animals without permission.

Mammal: An animal that feed its young ones through breast.

Fossils: Remains of plants and animals preserved in rocks for a long time.

RBSE Class 9 Social Science Notes