RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

Rajasthan Board RBSE Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Agriculture InText Questions and Answers

Activity
Page – 34

Question 1.
Can you name some industries based bn agricultural raw material ?
Answer:
Sugarcane industry, paper industry, cotton industry, matchstick industry, rubber industry, edible oil industry etc.

Activity
Page – 35

Question 2.
Can you enlist some crops which are grown in primitive subsistence farming.
Answer:
Potato, Tapioca, Root based crops, Rice etc.

Question 3.
Can you name some of the states of India where intensive subsistence farming is practised ?
Answer:
Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan.

Question 4.
Can you give some more examples of crops which may be commercial in one region and may provide subsistence in another region ?
Answer:
Rice:
In West Bengal, Bihar, north eastern states and southern states of India as occupational crop and in Haryana and Uttar Pradesh as a commercial crop.

Wheat:
In Uttar Pradesh and Bihar occupational crop and in Punjab and Haryana commercial crop.

Activity:
Page – 42

Question 5.
List the items which are made of rubber and are used by us.
Answer:
Cycle tyre & tube, camel back, foot wares, latex, foam, belts, hoses, auto tyre and tubes.

Activity
Page – 44

Question 6.
Find out why an Indian farmer does not want his son to become a farmer.
Answer:
Indian farmer does not want his son to become a farmer because :

1. The government policies are not favourable to the farmers.
2. The price of agricultural finished products are not sufficient.
3. Irrigational facilities are not available for everywhere.
4. Problems of land degradation exist.
5. There is insecurity of income in daily life.

Question 7.
Why are farmers committing suicides in several states of the country?
Answer:
When farmers are facing so many problems and lands under agriculture are decreasing, they are committing suicide in several states of the country.

1. enerally small farmers take loans from money lenders or big farmers at high interest rates.
2. They are not able to return the principal amount’ with interest back to money lenders in time.
3. In dry seasons, food scarcity is found with every small farmers due to less production of crops.
4. The government policies are not favourable to the farmers.
5. The price of agricultural finished products are not sufficient.
6. Irrigational facilities are not available everywhere.
7. Problems of land degradation are seen.
8. Insecurity of income in daily life remains.

Question 8.
When farmers have been facing so many problems and land under agriculture is decreasing, can we think of alternative employment opportunities in the agriculture sector ?
Answer:
It is reality that farmers are struggling with many problems and agricultural land is also decreasing due to use in housing and other deve-lopment work.This is reducing employment opportunities in agriculture as such, hidden unemployment always prevails in agriculture. In such a situation, we should also think about alternative employment opportunities.

The major alternative employment oppor-tunities can be:

1. Government job,
2. Private sector job,
3. Promote cottage industries,
4. Animal Husbandry, Fisheris, Horticulture, Poultry , bee keeping, sericulture etc,
5. Promote self- employment,
6. Boost startup,
7. Presenthy, there has been a lot of devlopment of computer technology and technology in the service sector in the country; so there are many employment opportunities in this area too.
8. Employment in tourism, insurance, banking and other similar service sectors.

Activity
Page – 45

Question 9.
Can you name any gene modified seed used vastly in India ?
Answer:
The gene modified seed widely used in India is:

1. Bt cotton
2. Btbrinjal

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Agriculture Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Multiple Choice Questions

(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown over a large area ?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Answer:
(b) Plantation Agriculture

(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop ?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Cotton
Answer:
(b) Gram

(iii) Which one of the follow ing is a leguminous crop ?
(a) Pulses
(b) Jawar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum
Answer:
(a) Pulses

2. Answer the following questions in 30 words.

(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Answer:
Beverage crop:
Tea is an important beverage crop. Geographical conditions :

1. Warm and moist frost-free climate throughout the year.
2. Frequent showers evenly distributed.
3. Fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter.

(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Answer:
Rice is the staple crop of India. It is grown in West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Assam.

(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
Answer:

1. The government has established the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), agricultural universities, animal breeding centres to carry out research and development activities in agriculture.
2. The government is also investing in rural infrastructure to link the rural market with the international market.
3. The Kisan credit card, Personal and Crop insurance schemes etc. have been launched.
4. A comprehensive land development programme has also been launched.

(iv) The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?
Answer:

1. This will affect the food security.
2. This will put more pressure on industry and other sectors because people are migrating from agricultural sector to other sectors.
3. The agro-based industry will suffer because of the shortage of raw materials.
4. This will lead to land degradation.

3. Answer the following questions in 120 words.

(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
Answer:
1. Institutional reforms :
To increase production in agriculture, the government has introduced some institutional measures which include collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of Zamindari system.

2. Revolutions :
The Government of India embarked upon introducing agricultural reforms to improve Indian agriculture in the 1960s and 1970s. The Green Revolution based on the use of package technology and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were some of the strategies initiated to improve a lot of Indian agriculture.

3. Comprehensive land development programme :
In 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated which included both institutional and technical reforms.

4. Subsidies :
The government is providing huge subsidies on agricultural inputs. At present maximum subsidies are being given on fertilizers.

5. HYV seeds and agricultural universities :
In order to enhance production, the government is providing HYV seeds to the farmers. Many new agricultural universities have been established.

6. Various schemes :
Kisan Credit Card (KCC), Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) are some other schemes introduced by the Government of India for the benefit of the farmers.

(ii) Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.
Answer:
In the 19th century when European traders came to India, Indian spices were exported to different countries of the world and farmers of south India were encouraged to grow these crops. Till today it is one of the important items of export from India.

Under globalisation, particularly after 1990, the farmers in India have been exposed to new challenges. Despite being an important producer of rice, cotton, rubber, tea, coffee, jute and spices, our agricultural products are not able to compete with developed countries because of the highly subsidised agriculture in those countries. ,

(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer:
1. Temperature :
It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature and humidity. The monthly temperature of about 25°C with minor variation during the sowing, growing and harvesting season is suitable for the growth of the plant.

2. Rainfall :
Rice needs abundant rainfall, i. e., more than 100 cm. It can grow in areas with less rainfall but with assured irrigation. Rice is grown in Punjab and Haryana with the help of irrigation.

3. Soil :
Rice can grow in a variety of soils including silts, loams and gravels but it is grown best in alluvial soil with a sub-soil of impervious clay.

Project work
Question 1.
Group discussion on the necessity of literacy among farmers.
Answer:
Make a group in the classroom under the supervision of your teacher and discuss the following points on the literacy of farmers:

1.  Literacy status in India,
2. Total literacy, male literacy, female literacy,
3. Urban and rural literacy,
4. Status of literacy among farmers,
5. Impact of ,low literacy among farmers on agriculture,
6. Benefit from literacy,
7. The conclusion.

Question 2.
On an outline map of India show wheat producing areas.
Answer:
[ Note- For this, see the map related questions.]

Activity

Question 3.
Solve the puzzle by following your search horizontally and vertically to find the hidden answers.

1. The two staple food crops of India.
2. This is the summer croping season of India.
3. Pulses like arhar, moong, gram, urad contain …..
4. It is a coarse grain.
5. The two important beverages in India are…..
6. One of the four major fibers grown on black soils.

Answer:

(i) WHEAT, RICE
(ii) KHARIF
(iii) PROTEIN
(iv) JOWAR
(v) TEA, COFFEE
(vi) COTTON