Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Relation of Political Science with other Social Sciences
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Textual Questions
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
Write any two differences between Political Science and history.
Answer:
- Study method of Political Science is observational and philosophical, whereas study method of history is descriptive.
- Aim of Political Science is to make present and future more comfortable and useful by taking advantages of experiences of past, whereas aim of history is only to get knowledge of the past.
Question 2.
Write two aspects of relationship between Political Science and psychology ?
Answer:
- Psychology provides a basis to understand state and its institutions.
- Political Science provides study material to Psychology related to political activities.
Question 3.
Write any two differences between ethics and Political Science.
Answer:
- Scope of Political Science is limited, whereas scope of ethics is more extensive.
- Political Science is descriptive and practical, whereas ethics is ideological and theoretical.
Question 4.
How is Political Science related to Geography ?
Answer:
Political Science is closely related to Geography. Knowledge of Geography is necessary to understand the political life and problems of the society of a country. Geography not only affects the home policy, but also the foreign policy of a country.
Question 5.
Which is wider – Political Science or Sociology ?
Answer:
Scope of Sociology is wider than Political Science. Sociology studies all aspects of the society and all the social relations of a man, while Political Science studies only the political relations of man, state and its governance system.
Question 6.
Write any two differences between Political Science and Economics ?
Answer:
- Political Science is related to man’s political life, whereas Economics is related to man’s economic life.
- Political Science is ideological, whereas Economics is descriptive.
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
Write the differences between Political Science and History.
Answer:
Differences between Political Science and History are as under:
1. Difference in study methods:
Study method of Political Science is thought – based. It studies the events related to political aspects and deduces the general laws and theories on the basis of observational, comparative, scientific and philosophical aspects. Study method of History is descriptive. It only narrates the events of the past neutrally.
2. Difference in Scope:
Political Science studies the political life of man and political institutions. It studies past, present and future also, whereas History studies the past of whole life of man and all the social institutions. In this way, scope of Political Science is narrow and that of History is wider.
3. Difference in Purpose:
Purpose of Political Science is to make present and future more comfortable by using the experiences of past. Whereas, aim of History is to merely study the past events.
4. Difference in Nature:
Nature of Political Science is ideological, whereas History is descriptive or narrative.
Question 2.
State the differences between Political Science and Economics.
Answer:
Following are the differences between Political Science and Economics:
1. Difference in Subject – matter:
Political Science is related to political life of man, whereas Economics is related to economic life of man. Subject-matter of Political Science is state, whereas subject-matter of Economics is money and property.
2. Difference in Nature:
Political Science is ideological, but Economics is narrative. Political Science studies from point of view of moral and social values, whereas Economics studies only from materialistic point of view.
3. Difference in Aim:
Political Science studies man as man, whereas Economics studies man as money and property.
4. Difference in Scope:
Scope of Political Science is wide, but Economics is narrow in scope. Economics studies only monetary or economic aspect, whereas Political Science studies other aspects also like political, religious, cultural, ethical, etc.
Question 3.
What are the philosophical bases of deep relationship among-est all the social sciences ?
Answer:
Man is a social or political creature. There are many aspects of human life – political, economic, cultural, religious, moral, psychological, etc. Many sciences have been developed to study these aspects like – Political Science, Sociology, Economics, History, Ethics, etc. These are related to any one of the aspects of human life, so these are social sciences and related deeply to each other.
All these sciences are supposed to be inter – related since ancient times. Political thinkers had questioned the efforts to separate these social sciences and emphasis-ed the inter – relationship of these sciences because all social sciences think that man is a social animal and their aim is to make human life better. This basis of integration unites all the social sciences.
All the subjects of social sciences are profited by knowledge of each other and while studying about various aspects of human life they are mutually interdependent even after maintaining their independent identity. They cannot be separated. Thus, it becomes necessary to study other subjects for significant study of any one subject.
Question 4.
What is the relationship between Political Science and Geography ?
Answer:
There is close relationship between Political Science and Geography. Political Science studies about the state. One of the main elements of state is territory. Area of land is studied under Geography. Geography is related to earth, its size, shape, minerals, atmosphere, etc.
Geographical conditions definitely affect the Political structure and life of a country. Aristotle and Bodeoun had accepted the close relationship of Political Science and Geography and had explained a close relation between different forms of government and climate.
Hot climate is suitable for dictatorship, cold for barbarous and mild climate is suitable for democratic government. Montesque had accepted the maximum effect of geographical conditions on social and political institutions, especially on liberty. Geography affects not only home policy, but foreign policy also. The main reason of increase of power of countries like USA is their natural resources.
The global importance and influence of western Asian countries is due to their geographical situation, minerals and mineral oils. Due to its favorable geographical conditions, direct democracy has been successful in Switzerland. Due to the lack of natural resources countries such as Nepal and Bhutan are backward with political viewpoint.
Modern political thinkers also accept the effect of geographical conditions on Politics. As a result, a new subject has been developed which studies the political effect of geographical conditions, which is known as Geopolitics.
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Essay Type (Long Answer) Questions
Question 1.
“Political Science is related to all those sciences which are related to men in an organised society.” Explain the statement.
Answer:
It is true that Political Science is related to all those sciences which are related to men in an organised society. Man is a rational and social animal. Human life has many aspects like – Political, social, economic cultural, moral, psychological, etc.
Political life is just one aspect of social life of man. Various subjects have been developed to study various aspects of human life. As Political Science studies political aspect, economic aspect, social aspect and traditions, History studies past life and Ethics studies how to make human life better.
All these subjects are inter – related, in spite of being independent subjects. They cannot be separated. All subjects including natural sciences are benefited by each other’s knowledge. No subject is self-dependent. All are inter – dependent. So, it becomes compulsory to study all the subjects for proper understanding of any one subject. Political Science is included in social sciences. Inter-relationship of Political Science with other subjects has been common since ancient times.
One of the main features of Political Science is that it has a deep relationship with all other social sciences. We all live in an organised society. So, Political Science is related to all those sciences which are related to men in the society. History provides such a collection of past events and facts which helps Political Science to frame its principles. Economic activities under Economics has always played an important role in the size and development of the state. Even today, economic activities are helpful in political development.
Ethics helps Political Science in achieving its goals. Broad and wide aspect of Ethics is Political. Psychology provides a basis to understand the state and its institutions completely. Psychological methods are increasingly being used in political research. Due to increasing effect of Geography in Political Science, a new subject has been developed which studies the political effect of geographical conditions.
Calculation Science is also closely related to Political Science. Facts obtained by Political Science are presented through calculation. Today, the evolution of subjects like Political History, Political Sociology, Political Economics etc. is a proof that Political Science is closely related to other social sciences.
Question 2.
“History without Political Science has no fruit, Political Science without History has no roots”. Explain the relationship of Political Science and History in context of this statement given by Seeley.
Answer:
Relationship of Political Science and History:
Political Science and History are closely inter – related. Political Science studies the past, present and future of the state. History studies the past of the whole human civilization and also the past of the state. Explaining the deep relationship of History and Political Science, John Seeley has said, “History without Political Science has no fruit. Political Science without History has no roots.”
History and Political Science both are inter – dependent. Both are complementary to each other. Study of one becomes insignificant and useless without the inclusion of the other.
Contribution of History to Political Science:
1. Study of Political Science is dependent on History:
Study of Political Science is dependent on history. History provides study material to Political Science. It is compulsory to know about the historical background of any era to understand the political thinking of that period.
2. History is helpful for Principle – formation in Political Science:
History is such a collection of events and facts that helps Political Science in forming principles and ideologies. Gettel has rightly said, “Political institutions can be understood only in their historical background.”
3. History: Laboratory and Guide of Political Science:
History is considered as the laboratory and guide of Political Science. Knowledge of policies of the past, their consequences and alternative policies can be obtained only from History. In Political Science, such events are called ‘Experiments’ and History is the ‘Laboratory’. Experiments of the past are helpful in solving the problems of the present and making the future beautiful,
Contribution of Political Science to History As Political Science receives a lot from History, History also gets much from Political Science. For Example:
1. Political Science Provides an Approach to History:
Political Science provides an approach to History. History gets an approach from Political Science to understand the events and explain them because Political Science helps History to understand the historical facts.
2. Political Science Makes Study of History Succinct:
Political Science makes the study of History succinct. Political events create history. If political movements, events and ideologies are not analysed properly, then study of History proves to be useless.
3. Political ideologies create history:
Political approaches, political philosophy and values create History. Policy of liberal democracy these days is giving way to many new events in many countries. Thus, it can be said that History and Political Science are complementary and inter – related to each other.
Question 3.
Analyze the relationship of Political Science with Ethics and Psychology.
Answer:
Relationship of Political. Science with Ethics:
There is a close relationship between Political Science and Ethics. Ethics discusses the right and wrong and propounds the rules regarding morality and the behaviour.
Contribution of Ethics to Political Science:
1. Help to achieve goals of the state:
Only that country can develop up to the highest level whose citizens behave morally. Aim of every state is to prepare more and more ideal citizens. State can achieve its ultimate aim only through ethics.
2. Moral assumptions are the basis of laws:
The laws which are made by the state are based on prevailing moral beliefs. State cannot practically execute such laws which do not have moral base. Gettel has rightly said that, “When moral beliefs become permanent and prevailing, they become law.”
Contribution of Political Science to Ethics:
1. State creates circumstance for moral life:
Moral development of man is impossible without the help of the state. State maintains peace and decorum, saves the society from external attacks and internal enemies.
2. Execution off Moral Values by State:
Every society has some wrong traditions in the form of moral values, which obstruct the development of the society. State eliminates such unrealistic moral beliefs and establishes logical moral values with the help of laws. Relation of Political Science to Psychology Psychology is study of human behaviour under different circumstances and Political Science cannot be studied properly without understanding human behaviour and nature.
Contribution of Psychology to Political Science:
1. Psychology is a basis of Political Science:
Psychology provides a basis to Political Science to understand completely the state and its institutions.
2. Use of Psychological Methods in Political Research:
Considering and accepting the usefulness of psychological facts in Politics, modern political thinkers have started emphasizing the use of psychological study methods.
3. Psychological knowledge is necessary for protection from revolutions:
When policies of government are made according to psychology of general public, there are minimum chances of public resentment and revolt.
Contribution of Political Science to Psychology:
1. Providing Study material to Psychology:
Political Science provides study material to psychology, helping it to collect facts related to political behaviour of man.
2. Affecting the Social Psychology:
Political Science also affects the psychology of the society through governance methods and political philosophies. Thus, it can be said that Political Science, Ethics and Psychology are closely inter – related.
Question 4.
“Political Science is closely related to Economics and Sociology.” Explain.
Answer:
Relationship of Political Science and Economics can be explained as under:
Contribution of Economics to Political Science:
1. Role of Economic Activities in rise and development of state:
Economic activities have always an important role in origin and development of state, and at present also, they are playing the role of a helper in the development of political institutions.
2. Effect of Economic situations on the activities of the state:
Economic situations always affect the activities of the state and its policies.
3. Revolutions and movements have an economic background:
Economic resentment gives rise to revolutions, movements or rebellions in any society or country. The main reasons of the French and Russian Revolutions were economic resentment and contemporary economic corruption respectively.
Contribution of Political Science to Economics:
1. Nature of Economy depends on policies of state:
Policies of state decide the economy of any society. The quality of governance definitely affects the economic development of a society.
2. Production and Distribution of Goods Depend n form of Government:
Production of goods and distribution depend on the form of government. In communist states, government has full control over the means of production and distribution, whereas in capitalist states, means of production and distribution are under the personal control of the individuals, not under the control of the state.
3. Reason and Solution of Economic Problems Depend on State:
Reason and solution of economical problems depend of the policies of the state. These are solved by reasonable and logical government policies, whereas unreasonable policies can increase the level of such problems.
4. Relation of Sociology and Political Science:
There is a deep relationship between Political Science and Sociology because state is a socio – political institution. Sociology studies all the subjects related to society. Political Science is related to the political aspect of social life.
5. Contribution of Sociology to Political Science:
Sociology is a basis of Political Science like other social sciences. Sociology has helped a lot in the study of Political Science in understanding the rise, development and organisation of state, and as such, political behaviour is given more importance than political institutions in the study of Political Science.
6. Contribution of Sociology to Political Science:
Sociology also studies the origin and development of society as well as the state, which helps political science. Hence, both economics and Sociology are very closely related to Political Science.
Question 5.
Explain the relationship of Political Science with Philosophy and Geography.
Answer:
Relation of Political Science with Philosophy:
Political life and political world being studied under Political Science are a part of that world whose nature and search of its basis are subject of philosophy. The close relation between Political Science and Philosophy is studied under the following points:
1. Similarity of Purpose:
Purposes of Political Science and Philosophy seem to be similar. Purpose of Political Science is to search about the base and nature of political life and purpose of Philosophy is to search what is the universe, what is the world, and what is there in the root of all these.
2. Similarity of nature of Study:
Political Science gives emphasis on theoretical study along with the study of behavioural Politics. Study of political concepts and thought like origin of state, purpose of state, liberty, equality, law, sovereignty, etc. have an important place in study of Political Science.Philosophy is also a subject of theoretical and intellectual study.
3. Similarity in study Methods:
Political Science has mainly two study methods:
- Experiential scientific method,
- Philosophical method. Study method of Philosophy is also philosophical.
4. Relation of Geography with Political Science:
Political Science performs the study of the state. Fixed area is considered an important element of state. Land is studied under Geography. Geography is related to earth, its size, minerals, weather, climate, etc. Geographical situation and conditions affect the politics of a country.
So, a close relationship between Political Science and Geography is natural, which can be explained as follows:
1. Geographical elements like – Land, climate, flora and fauna, sea coast, rivers, mountains etc. leave a permanent impact on the political history and culture of a country.
2. Geographical knowledge is a must to understand the political circumstances, political problems and life of the society of a country.
3. Geography affects both the home policy and foreign policy of a country.
4. Modern Political thinkers have accepted the effect of Geography on Politics studies the political effects of Geographical elements.
5. Political also effects Geography. Scientific and technical development, unreasonable use of natural resources have given rise to many environmental and climatic problems. Political decisions related to loss of Ozone layer, Greenhouse effect etc. also affect the geographical conditions. Political decisions like Division of India and Pakistan also affect Geography. To sum up, it can be said that Political Science has deep relationship with both Philosophy and Geography.
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Objective Type Questions
Question 1.
Not only goals, but means should also be pious / This sentence brings Political Science close to which Social Science:
(a) Sociology
(b) Psychology
(c) Ethics
(d) History
Answer:
(c) Ethics
Question 2.
History without Political Science has no fruits and Political Science without History has no roots / Whose statement is this ?
(a) Willoughby
(b) Seeley
(c) Burgess
(d) Lord Acton
Answer:
(b) Seeley
Question 3.
Which of the following is a central topic of Political Science:
(a) Family
(b) Community
(c) Group
(d) State
Answer:
(d) State
Question 4.
Which of the following is not a topic of Political Science :
(a) State
(b) Political Party
(c) Church (Religion)
(d) Citizen
Answer:
(c) Church (Religion)
Question 5.
Modern Political Science is close to:
(a) Philosophy
(b) Psychology
(c) Economics
(d) Statistics
Answer:
(c) Economics
Question 6.
Discipline that studies human behaviour is:
(a) Psychology
(b) Philosophy
(c) Economics
(d) Sociology
(a) Psychology
Answer:
(a) Psychology
Question 7.
Purpose of both Political Science and Economics is:
(a) Economic Benefit
(b) To earn interest
(c) Import & Export
(d) Human Welfare
Answer:
(d) Human Welfare
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Other Important Questions
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Objective Questions
Question 1.
‘Political Science has a deep relation with Political Economy or Economics’. This statement is given by:
(a) Paul Janet
(b) Catlin
(c) Burgess
(d) Seeley
Answer:
(a) Paul Janet
Question 2.
‘Perhaps, the greatest virtue of Political Science is its politeness’. This statement is given by:
(a) Garner
(b) Rothi
(c) Marse
(d) Laski
Answer:
(b) Rothi
Question 3.
‘Political Science and Sociology are close, and in reality, these are the two sides of the same coin’. This statement is given by:
(a) Garner
(b) Catlin
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Machiavelli
Answer:
(b) Catlin
Question 4.
Which is the subject that studies Past, Present and Future of the state:
(a) Geography
(b) Political Science
(c) Sociology
(d) History
Answer:
(b) Political Science
Question 5.
Study method of Economics is:
(a) Narrative
(b) Philosophical
(c) Comparative
(d) Imaginative
Answer:
(a) Narrative
Question 6.
Significance of political activities is decided on the assumptions of which of the following:
(a) Ethics
(b) Economics
(c) Philosophy
(d) Geography
Answer:
(a) Ethics
Question 7.
Subject that studies the activities of human mind and his external behaviour is:
(a) Philosophy
(b) Ethics
(c) Sociology
(d) Psychology
Answer:
(d) Psychology
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
What is the greatest virtue of Political Science ?
Answer:
The greatest virtue of Political Science is its readiness to accept the conclusions of other branches of Social Science.
Question 2.
How has Prof. Catlin defined the relationship of Political Science and Sociology ?
Answer:
According to Catlin, “Political Science and Sociology are integral, and in reality, these are two sides of one coin.”
Question 3.
Write two differences between Political Science and Sociology.
Answer:
- Scope of Political Science is narrow, whereas Sociology is broad in scope.
- Political Science is idealistic subject, whereas Sociology is descriptive.
Question 4.
Explain the difference between Sociology and Political Science on the basis of subject matter.
Answer:
Subject matter of study of Sociology is man and society, whereas subject matter of Political Science is state.
Question 5.
What is the contribution of Sociology to Political Science ?
Answer:
Political Science studies the structure of the state that is basically a part of social structure. Knowledge about state and political development can be obtained only through the knowledge of social development.
Question 6.
What is the contribution of Political Science to Sociology ?
Answer:
Political Science provides those facts to Sociology which help to study effectively about political life of a society. Sociology gets knowledge about origin, organisation and works of the state only through Political Science.
Question 7.
What is the contribution of History to Political Science ?
Answer:
History is helpful in framing principles and ideals of Political Science. It serves as a laboratory and guide of Political Science.
Question 8.
What is contribution of Political Science to History ?
Answer:
Political Science provides opinion or point of view to History. It makes the study of History succinct. Political events create history.
Question 9.
Write any two aspects of relationship of Political Science and Economics.
Answer:
- Policies of state determine the economic structure and its organised nature.
- Economic activities always have an important role in the origin and development of state.
Question 10.
How has Gettle defined the relationship between Political Science and Economics ?
Answer:
According to Gettle, “Economic situations affect the organisation, development and activities of state, and in response, state changes the economic situations through its policies and laws.”
Question 11.
Write any two differences between Political Science and Economics.
Answer:
- Political Science is related to political life of man, whereas Economics is related to economic life.
- Political Science is an idealistic science, whereas Economics is descriptive.
Question 2.
‘State continues in existence for the sake of good life’. Whose is this statement ?
Answer:
Aristotle.
Question 3.
Write any two points regarding relationship of Political Science and Philosophy.
Answer:
- Both the subjects are making efforts to study the basis and nature of their subject matter.
- Study of both the subjects is theoretical and intellectual.
Question 19.
Write any two differences between Political Science and Philosophy.
Answer:
- Political Science studies the political life, whereas philosophy studies the whole universe and regulatary factors of universe.
- Political Science is related to the visible and concrete, but philosophy is related to the invisible and abstract.
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
Explain the contribution of Sociology to Political Science.
Answer:
Contribution of Sociology to Political Science:
Sociology is a general and basic Social science which studies the basic facts of social life. It studies all the social, legal, political, religious and economic relations of human life. Contribution of Sociology to Political Science can be studied under the following points:
1. Basis of Political Science:
Study of Sociology is very wide. It studies all the social relations of man. Political Science studies the structure of state which is basically a part of social structure. Social institutions existed even before the state. So, knowledge of state and political development can be obtained through the knowledge of social development.
2. Help in study of Political Science:
Sociology helps a lot in study of Political Science in understanding the origin, development and organization of the state. Such is the effect of Sociology that study of political behaviour is being emphasized in Political Science instead of political institutions.
Question 2.
Explain the contribution of Political Science to Sociology.
Answer:
Contribution of Political Science to Sociology:
Political Science is related to political aspect of social life. Indeed, Political Science is a part of Sociology. It also helps Sociology. It provides those facts to Sociology which helps Sociology to study effectively the political life of society.
Sociology gets knowledge of the origin, development and activities of the state through Political Science. In other words, Political Science provides study material to Sociology. Sociology studies the origin and development of the society based on the studies of the origin of state, development and its effect on the society.
Question 3.
Explain the contribution of Political Science to Economics.
Answer:
Contribution of Political Science to Economics:
Political situations, system and decisions definitely affect the economy. Contribution of Political Science to Economics can be explained under the following points:
1. Structure of Economy depends on Policies of State:
The structure of economy depends on the form of government and its policies. Control of the state on economic life increases in socialist countries where state has no control on economic life in capitalist countries. Economy gets affected by the policies of the government like tax-system, investment policy, monetary system, import-export, trade, agriculture, etc.
2. Production and distribution of Goods depend on the form of government:
Production and distribution of goods in any country depends on the form of government. In communist countries, government has full control over the means of production and distribution, whereas in capitalist countries, means of production and distribution remain in individual hands. Government has no control over them.
3. Effect of quality of Governance of Economic development:
Economic development of a country is affected by the level of governance of a country. Economic development can be accelerated by effective governance system. If the government is corrupt, then it may create hindrance in economic development.
4. Reason and Solution of Economic Problems depend on the State:
The problems which a state solves are mostly of economic nature. For example: Taxation, unemployment, labor, liberation, etc.
Question 4.
Explain any two differences between Political Science and Psychology.
Answer:
Differences between Political Science and Psychology:
Political Science and Psychology are inter – related, but Political Science is not dependent on Psychology only. Political Science has social and economic aspects also. The basic differences between these two are as follows:
1. Difference in Scope:
Political Science studies only external political activities, whereas Psychology studies all the mental activities of man from economic, social, religious and political points of view.
2. Difference in Nature:
Political Science is an idealistic science along with being realistic, whereas Psychology studies human behaviour and nature practically. Political Science studies ‘what was’, ‘what is’ and ‘what should be’ in context of political life, where as Psychology studies what was, and what is about mental traits of man. it does not discuss ‘what should be.’ Explaining the difference between the two, political thinker Catlin has rightly said, “Psychology is concerned with mental acts. Political Science is concerned with impulsive or willed acts”.
Question 5.
Explain the difference between Political Science and Geography.
Answer:
There is a close relationship between Geography and Political Science. Yet, these two subjects cannot be considered as one. The main differences between the two are:
1. Difference in Subject Matter:
Natural conditions, climate, land, flora and fauna, etc. of different countries are studied under Geography, whereas Political Science is a social science. State, government and laws are studied under it.
2. Difference in Nature:
Geography is a science of facts. It is related to concrete facts, whereas Political Science is an ideological and descriptive science. It represents ideals along with the facts also.
3. Difference in Certainty:
Geography is a definite science. Rules under it remain fixed, whereas Political Science is an indefinite science. There is no certainty in its rules.
RBSE Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Long Answer Essay Type Questions
Question 1.
Sociology and Political Science affect each other. Explain the reciprocity of Sociology and Political Science.
Or
Explain the relationship of Political Science and Sociology.
Or
Analyze the inter – relationship of Political Science and Sociology.
Answer:
Relationship of Political Science and Sociology:
There is a close relationship between Political Science and Sociology. Both are dependent or each other because state is a socio – political organization. Sociology is a social science. It studies all the topics related to society. Political Science is related to political aspect of social life.
So, Political Science is also a part of Sociology. Sociology is mother of all Social Sciences which are related to man. Thus, Sociology is mother of Political Science also. Inter-relationship of both these subjects can be understood by following points:
1. Contribution of Sociology to Political Science:
Scope of Sociology is very wide. It studies all the social relations of human being like – political, economical, ethical, etc. Sociology can be considered as the very basis of Political Science as of other Social Sciences. It has provided much help in study of Political Science. Political Science has received much help from Sociology to understand the origin, development and organization of state.
Many new study methods and concepts like Behaviouralism, group theory, Political system, Approach and Political development theory, etc. are adopted by Political thinkers from Sociology. It is only because of the effect of Sociology, that these days, study of Political behaviour is emphasized instead of the study of Political institutions.
2. Contribution of Political Science to Sociology:
Political Science also provides study material to Sociology. It provides those facts which help Sociology to study effectively the political life of society. Sociology gets the knowledge of the origin, organisation and works of state from Political Science.
Regarding the close relationship of Political Science and Sociology, Prof. H. Giddings has rightly said, “To teach the theory of the state to men, who have not learnt the first principles of Sociology is like teaching Astronomy or Thermodynamics to men who have not learnt the first Principles of Newtonian laws of motion.”
Prof. Catlin, the famous political thinker, has said, “Political Science and Sociology are integrated and in reality, two sides of one coin.” That’s why, it is said that a socialist should also be a political thinker. To sum up, it can be said that the mutual co-operation of Sociology and Political Science is necessary for the development of knowledge about human problems and welfare of society.
Question 2.
Explain the difference between Political Science and Sociology.
Or
Differentiate between Political Science and Sociology.
Answer:
Difference between Political Science and Sociology:
There is a close relationship between Political Science and Sociology and it is not possible to draw a fixed line of difference between them. Yet, the differences between these two can be described as under.
1. Difference in Scope:
Scope of Political Science is narrow, whereas scope of Sociology is wide. Political Science studies only political relations of man, state and its governance policy, whereas Sociology studies all the aspects of social life and all the social relations of man. Gilchrist, the political thinker, has considered Political Science as a specific science and Sociology as an extensive science.
2. Difference in Purpose:
Political Science is an idealistic science, whereas Sociology is a descriptive science. Sociology studies only ‘what has happened’ and ‘what is happening’. Sociology does not study the ideal ‘what should be’, but Political Science discusses about ‘what should be’. One purpose of Political Science is to obtain an ideal structure of state and society.
3. Difference in Subject Matter:
Political Science studies the political aspect of human life. The main topic of its study is the state, whereas Sociology studies all the aspects of human life. It searches about the reasons of origin and development of man and social institutions. Thus the subject matter of Sociology is man and society.
Political Science does not search about the social factors like Sociology does. It works on the assumption that man is a social animal. Political Science starts with the assumption of considering man as a political animal, whereas Sociology analyzes the situation prior to it and tells how and why man become a political creature. Political Science studies only the concrete activities of man, whereas Sociology studies all the activates – concrete and abstract.
4. Difference on basis of being prior:
Sociology is prior to Political Science. Political Science originated after Sociology. Sociology studies unorganized communities also besides organised communities of the society, whereas Political Science is related only to organised society.
5. Difference in outlook and approach:
In Political Science, only legal and practical relations of man are studied, whereas Sociology studies not only legal relations, but also the development of traditions, culture, behaviour, ethics, religious and economic life.