Rajasthan Board RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Planning and Development-Niti Aayog
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Text book Questions
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
When was the NITI Commission established?
(a) 1st March, 2015
(b) 1st January, 2015
(c) 1st April, 2015
(d) 1st March, 1950
Answer:
(b) 1st January, 2015
Question 2.
Who is the official chairman of the NOT Aayog?
(a) Prime Minister
(b) President
(c) Chief Justice
(d) Governor of the State
Answer:
(a) Prime Minister
Question 3.
Who was the writer of the book ‘Planned Economy for India’?
(a) Aashirvadam
(b) Amartya Sen
(c) M. Vishveshvaraya
(d) Dr Arvind Panagariya
Answer:
(c) M. Vishveshvaraya
Question 4.
Who from the following is the member of the Governing Council of the NOT Aayog?
(a) Lt. Governor of Delhi
(b) Chief Minister of Rajasthan
(c) Governor of Madhya Pradesh
(d) All of these
Answer:
(b) Chief Minister of Rajasthan
Question 5.
At present, which institution is performing the work of planning in our country?
(a) Planning Commission
(b) Economic Commission
(c) Union Public Service Commission
(d) NITI Commission (Aayog)
Answer:
(d) NITI Commission (Aayog)
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
When was the Planning Commission established/formed?
Answer:
On 15th March, 1950.
Question 2.
Write the full form form NITI Commission/Aayog.
Answer:
National Institution for Transforming India.
Question 3.
What is the present number of full time members in NOT Aayog?
Answer:
2 members (Dr.Vivek Devrai and Dr.V.K.Saraswat)
Question 4.
Who presides upon the meetings of the regional council?
Answer:
The Deputy Commissioner of the Policy Commission or any representative of the Prime Minister presides the meetings of the regional council.
Question 5.
Who gave the slogan ‘Sabka Sath Sabka Vikas’?
Answer:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is meant by Planning? Explain
Answer:
Meaning Of Planning :
Planning is the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It is one of the most important project management and time management technique. It is necessary for planning that the purpose should be transparent, the instrument or effort of achieving it is organized and should be ensured for a fixed period. According to planning commission ‘Resources as tire found to be deficient in relation to the nation’s requirements, to formulate a scheme for the most reasonable used the resources meet the social objectives is the planning.
Question 2.
Mention four characteristics of Planning.
Answer:
Characteristics of Planning :
- Maximum utilization of available resources.
- Parallel development of agriculture and animal husbandry.
- Proper use of intellectual property.
- Using latest technologies of skill development.
Question 3.
Write the names of Deputy/Vice Chairman and the permanent members of NITI Aayog.
Answer:
Deputy/ Vice Chairman is Dr Arvind Pangadiya and the permanent members of NITI Aayog are : Dr Vivek Devrai and V.K. Saraswat.
Question 4.
What are the major objectives of Planning in India? Explain.
Answer:
Objectives of Planning :
- Proper utilization of resources so that by stopping their wastage, national development can be done.
- The people should be given employment in public and private sectors in order to eradicate unemployment.
- The hidden posential of the citizens of the country should be tapped for its maximum dividends for country’s development.
- To remove economic disparities.
- To develop all states and areas by way of effective planning.
- To increase percapita income and national income.
- It is also necessary to make plans to fulfill the promises made to the people by the ruling party.
- To make social development. By way of systematic development, the level of life of the people will go up and this process will put the entire society on the path of growth and development.
- To make possible nation self-dependence. A systematic efforts will make the nation developed and self-reliant.
- To develop the capabilities for public welfare schemes.
- For the purpose of clarifying the role of government in economic fields, and also for purpose of utilizing resources, planning is natural phenomenon.
Question 5.
How has NITI Aayog started the systematic effort for exploiting ‘intellectual property’?
Answer:
The commission set up on January 1, 2015 has started a systematic effort to exploit intellectual property. For this, the policy commission is trying to prevent the evacuation of intellectual property in the country by properly exploiting them and ensuring their participation in good governance.
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is meant by Planning? Throw a detailed light on its requirement and objectives.
Answer:
What is Planning :
Planning is the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It is one of the most important project management and time management technique. It is necessary for planning that the purpose should be transparent, the instrument or effort of achieving it is organized and should be ensured for a fixed period. According to planning commission ‘Resources as tire found to be deficient in relation to the nation’s requirements, to formulate a scheme for the most reasonable used the resources meet the social objectives is the planning.
Need of Planning :
As far as India is concerned, the need for planning has been felt in the country for a number of reasons, for example :
- Country’s poverty
- Economic imbalances and other problems arising out of division
- Problem of unemployment
- Need of industrialization
- Social-economic inequality
- Backwardness of the country, slow development, population explosion.
Objectives :
- Proper utilization of resources so that by stopping their wastage, national development can be done.
- The people should be given employment in public and private sectors in order to eradicate unemployment.
- The hidden posential of the citizens of the country should be tapped for its maximum dividends for country’s development.
- To remove economic disparities.
- To develop all states and areas by way of effective planning.
- To increase percapita income and national income.
- It is also necessary to make plans to fulfill the promises made to the people by the ruling party.
- To make social development. By way of systematic development, the level of life of the people will go up and this process will put the entire society on the path of growth and development.
- To make possible nation self-dependence. A systematic efforts will make the nation developed and self-reliant.
- To develop the capabilities for public welfare schemes.
- For the purpose of clarifying the role of government in economic fields, and also for purpose of utilizing resources, planning is natural phenomenon.
Question 2.
Analyse the formation and objectives of NITI Aayog in present context.
Answer:
Niti Aayog stands for National Institute for Transforming India. It is established on 1st January, 2015 by Government of India. It replaced the previous planning commission. NITI Aayog works as a ‘Think-Tank’ of the government and provides directional and strategic mobility to it.
Basis of formation of NITI Aayog :
It provides adequate intellectual property available in the country by tapping it to prevent it from fleeing and ensuring its involvement in good governance.
- Activating the role of States in development and creating a common platform for achieving the goals of development.
- Enabling the Role of States in Development. This will contribute to national development in line with the state cooperative federalism.
NITI Aayog (Policy Commission) Constituents: The NITI Aayog will comprise the following :
- Prime Minister of India as the Chairperson.
- Governing Council comprising the Chief Ministers of all the States and Lt. Governors of Union Territories with legislatures.
- Regional Councils will be formed to address specific issues and contingencies impacting more than one state or a region. These will be formed for a specified tenure. The Regional Councils will be convened by the Prime Minister and will comprise of the Chief Ministers of States and Lt. Governors of Union Territories in the region. These will be chaired by the Chairperson of the NITI Aayog or his nominee.
- Experts, specialists and practitioners with relevant domain knowledge as special invitees nominated by the Prime Minister.
- The full-time organizational framework will comprise of, in addition to the Prime Minister as the Chairperson.
Vice-Chairperson :
To be appointed by the Prime Minister.
The present viewpoint of the objectives of the NITI Aayog :
The NITI Aayog will work towards the following objectives
- To evolve a shared vision of national development priorities, sectors and strategies with the active involvement of states in the light of national objectives.
- To foster cooperative federalism through structured support initiatives and mechanisms , with the States on a continuous basis, recognizing that strong states make a strong
nation. - To develop mechanisms to formulate credible plans at the village level and aggregate these progressively at higher levels of government.
- To ensure on areas that are specifically referred to it, that the interests of national security are incorporated in economic strategy and policy.
- To pay special attention to the sections of our society that may be at risk of not benefitting adequately from economic progress.
- To design strategic and long term policy and programme frameworks and initiatives, and monitor their progress and their efficacy.
- To create a knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurial support system through a collaborative community of national and international experts, practitioners and other partners.
- To offer a platform for resolution of inter-sectoral and inter-departmental issues in order to accelerate the implementation of the development agenda.
- To maintain a state-of-the-art Resource Centre, be a repository of research on good governance and best practices in sustainable and equitable development as well as help their dissemination to stake-holders.
- To actively monitor and evaluate the implementation of programmes and initiatives, including the identification of the needed resources so as to strengthen the probability of success and scope of delivery.
- To focus on technology upgradation and capacity building for implementation of programmes and initiatives.
Question 3.
Suggest measures for the empowerment of NITI Aayog in the context of the present requirement of the country.
Answer:
National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog is the new avatar of the earlier Planning Commission. In a landmark decision based on Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s initiative and backed by increasing calls from state heads, NITI Aayog has been set up as a think-tank for formulating a new policy framework in keeping with the changes and challenges of rapidly evolving socio-economic scenario in the country.
The guiding principle behind NITI Aayog is cooperative federalism, based on empowerment and equality of all stakeholders. In a departure from the past, the new body will ensure a bottom-up approach that will encourage a proactive and participatory development agenda at the village level, which will then move for approval and guidance at higher levels within the state, after which the final recommendations shall reach NITI Aayog.
Suggestions for the empowerment of NITI Aayog in context of the present requirements of the country:
- Centre and states should work together to fulfill the dream of new India. There should be no party politics between them. States also became part of policy making.
- The position of Chief Ministers of the States should also be given prominent place on all important issues through the NITI Aayog (Policy Commission).
- 3 or 5 year action plan should be prepared for the development of the country and long-term targets should be fixed.
- Emphasis should be made on education, health, public transport, road and infrastructure development in backward districts across the country.
- ‘Clean India Mission’ should be joint with this.
- Working to improve the agricultural sector.
- To promote research in the field of education, standard universities should be established.
- Identifying the loss-making industries in the public sector and putting their property in other production activities.
- Agricultural development, poverty eradication, skill development etc. should be included in it.
- Working for the end of corruption.
- Effective implementation of Centrally Sponsored Schemes through the States.
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Other Important Questions
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
From the following which country was firstly accepted the Planning for economic development and growth :
(a) Soviet Russia
(b) India
(c) China
(d) Great Britain
Answer:
(a) Soviet Russia
Question 2.
When was Planning Commission formed in India?
(a) In 1931
(b) In 1950
(c) In 1934
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) In 1950
Question 3.
Thinking and taking steps in right direction to achieve a desired goal is called as-
(a) Planning
(b) Resources
(c) Objectives
(d) Development
Answer:
(a) Planning
Question 4.
Sarvodaya Planning is related to :
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) M.N. Roy
(c) M. Visveshvaraya
(d) Jaiprakash Narayan
Answer:
(d) Jaiprakash Narayan
Question 5.
People’s Plan is related to :
(a) Shree Mannanarayan
(b) M.N.Roy
(c) Jaiprakash Narayan
(d) All of these
Answer:
(b) M.N.Roy
Question 6.
The objective of Planning in India is :
(a) optimum utilization of all available resources
(b) to remove unemployment in country
(c) to reduce economic inequality
(d) all of the above
Answer:
(d) all of the above
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
When and which country, firstly adopted the planning policy for the growth and development of the country?
Answer:
Soviet Russia in 1928.
Question 2.
Why is Economic planning necessary in the country?
Answer:
Economic planning is necessary for existing economic problems in the country like poverty, unemployment, economic inequality, industrial development and speeding up of information technology in the country.
Question 3.
According to Planning Commission, define Planning.
Answer:
According to Planning Commission, “Resources as are found to be deficient in relation to the nation’s requirements, to formulate a scheme for the most reasonable use of the resources to meet the social objectives is the planning.
Question 4.
When was ‘Bombay Scheme’ presented in the context of Planning?
Answer:
In the year 1944.
Question 5.
Which of the social issues have not been disappeared from our planning presently?
Answer:
Such social issues are- Agriculture, drinking water, rural health , literacy and environment etc.
Question 6.
What is the goal of planning in the economic sector?
Answer:
National Development.
Question 7.
What is the relationship between development and planning?
Answer:
Participant and responsive management is the first stair of development and participants are responsible for planning resources.
Question 8.
According to Mahatma Gandhi, what is the goal of planning?
Answer:
According to Mahatma Gandhi, the goal of planning was the development of the last person.
Question 9.
Name the government institution formed to replace the Planning Commission.
Answer:
NITI Aayog (Policy Commission): National Institution for Transforming India.
Question 10.
Who established NITI Aayog and when?
Answer:
NITI Aayog was established on 1st January 2015 by the. Government of India.
Question 11.
Which commission works as the ‘think-tank’ for the government of India?
Answer:
NITI Aayog.
Question 12.
Write any one basis of the formation of NITI Aayog.
Answer:
It provides adequate intellectual property available in the country by tapping it to prevent it from fleeing and ensuring its involvement in good governance.
Question 13.
Who is the present chairman of NITI Aayog?
Answer:
Mr Narendra Modi.
Question 14.
Who is the present vice-chairman of NITI Aayog?
Answer:
Dr Arvind Pangadiya.
Question 15.
Name the state to which Dr Arvind Pangadiya belongs to.
Answer:
Rajasthan.
Question 16.
Who are the members of the Governing Council of the NIT1 Aayog (Policy Commission)?
Answer:
The members of the Governing Council of the NITI Aayog (Policy Commission) are – Chief Ministers of all the States and Lt. Governors of Union Territories with Legislatures, Deputy Governors of Union Territories.
Question 17.
On whose instructions the Regional Councils of the NITI Aayog (Policy Commission) work?
Answer:
On the instructions of the Prime Minister.
Question 18.
Who participates in the Regional Councils of the NITI Aayog (Policy Commission)?
Answer:
In the Regional Councils of the NITI Aayog (Policy Commission) the Chief Ministers of related states and the Chief Ministers/Deputy Governors of the Union Terrotories.
Question 19.
How many ex-officio members are appointed in the NITI Aayog (Policy Commission)?
Answer:
Four members. These all four are the members of Central Council of Ministers.
Question 20.
Name the two full time members of the NITI Aayog (Policy Commission).
Answer:
- Dr Vivek Devrai.
- Dr V.K. Saraswat.
Question 21.
Who appoints the vice-chairman and the two long full time members of NITI Aayog (Planning Commission)?
Answer:
The Prime Minister.
RBSE Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Why is planning important in India? Give any five points.
Answer:
Importance of Planning in India : Planning increases efficiency and makes optimum utilization of all available resources. It helps to reduce wastage of valuable resources and avoid their duplication. It aims at the highest returns at the lowest possible cost. It thus, increases type overall efficiency.
- Planning reduces business risks and helps to forecast these business – related risks.
- Planning helps in decision making. The planning also helps to select or to choose the best of all available strategies.
- Planning increases efficiency.
- Planning reduces business related risks.
- Planning shows right direction.
- Planning helps achieve objectives.
- Planning enourages creativity and innovation.
- Planning motivates the personnel of the state.
- Planning keeps good control.
- Planning contributes in organizing activities.
Question 2.
State the characteristics of Planning in India.
Answer:
Characteristics of Planning in India :
- Maximum utilization of available resources.
- Ordered increment in industrialization.
- Parallel development of agriculture and animal husbandry.
- Moving faster in the field of electronic and communication.
- Transparency in governmental work.
- Eliminating the imbalance of the areas by prioritizing investment in geographically disadvantaged areas.
- Modernization and spreading of education.
- Proper use of intellectual property.
Question 3.
Explain the relationship of Planning with Development
Answer:
Relationship of Planning with Development : Planning and development are strongly related to each other. In economic region, the goal of Planning is National Development. Participant and responsive management is the first stair of development and participants are responsible for planning resources. Scholars such as Pai Pandhirkaran and Kshir Sagar considered the attitude of the constructor’s viewpoint-variable result provider engagement, dedication and commitment towards work should be necessary for development.
Gandhiji believed in decentralization of resources by making the goal of planning ‘as the development of the last person’. Today, we look forward to being with the world’s leading countries, somewhere, our strategy of planned development seems to be successful. The result of the planned efforts of development is that in place of the Planning Commission from 1950 to 2015, ‘NITI Aayog or Policy Commission’ is leading the planned efforts of development.
Question 4.
Explain the base of formation of NITI Aayog?
Answer:
The full name of NITI Aayog is ‘National Institution for Transforming India’. It was constituted by the Govt, of India on January 1st, 2015. It works as a Think-Tank for govt, of India. The following are some of the bases for the formation of NITI Aayog.
- To make states’ active participation in development.
- To use intellectual property available in the country and also stop it fleeing by way of its proactive participation in governance.
- To form common platform of the centre and the states to achieve goals of development. It is also to ensure to remove communication gap of different ministeries in order to attend to necessities of states and thus, giving tangible form of the process.